Methods that may be used for the manufacture of the chemical compound (R)-Reticuline and synthesis precursors thereof. Compositions useful for the synthesis (R)-Reticuline and synthesis precursors are also provided.

Methods that may be used for the manufacture of a class of chemical compounds known as morphinans, including neopine, are provided. Compositions useful for the synthesis of morphinans, including neopine, are also provided.

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A method of epimerizing an (S)-1-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid to an (R)-1-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid is provided. The method comprises contacting the (S)-1-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid with at least one enzyme. Contacting the (S)-1-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid with the at least one enzyme converts the (S)-1-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid to an (R)-1-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid.

Methods that may be used for the manufacture of the chemical compound (R)-Reticuline and synthesis precursors thereof. Compositions useful for the synthesis (R)-Reticuline and synthesis precursors are also provided.

The invention provides H-NOX proteins for the delivery of oxygen to hypoxic tissue following stroke. H-NOX proteins extravasate into hypoxic penumbra associated with stroke and preferentially accumulate for sustained delivery of oxygen to the hypoxic tissue to ameliorate adverse affects of stroke related hypoxia. In some embodiments, the H-NOX comprises PEGylated H-NOX and non-PEGylated H-NOX.

Methods that may be used for the manufacture of the chemical compound (R)-Reticuline and synthesis precursors thereof. Compositions useful for the synthesis (R)-Reticuline and synthesis precursors are also provided.

A method of epimerizing an (S)-1-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid to an (R)-1-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid is provided. The method comprises contacting the (S)-1-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid with at least one enzyme. Contacting the (S)-1-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid with the at least one enzyme converts the (S)-1-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid to an (R)-1-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid.

Methods that may be used for the manufacture of a class of chemical compounds known as morphinans, including neopine, are provided. Compositions useful for the synthesis of morphinans, including neopine, are also provided.

Methods that may be used for the manufacture of a class of chemical compounds known as morphinans, including neopine, are provided. Compositions useful for the synthesis of morphinans, including neopine, are also provided.

Methods that may be used for the manufacture of the chemical compound (R)-Reticuline and synthesis precursors thereof. Compositions useful for the synthesis (R)-Reticuline and synthesis precursors are also provided.