Described are compositions and methods relating to the stabilization of oxidase enzymes using the amino acid glycine. The compositions and methods allow for drying oxidase-containing compositions with improved enzyme activity yield and long term storage of dried oxidase-containing compositions, in some cases without the need for refrigeration.

Briefly, a sensor for a continuous biological monitor is provided for measuring the level of a target analyte for a patient. The sensor has a working wire and a reference wire, where the working wire has an analyte limiting layer that passes more than 1 in 1000 analyte molecules from the patient to the an enzyme layer. The enzyme layer has an enzyme entrapped in a polyurethane cross-linked with acrylic polyol. As free electrons are generated, a conductor transfers the electrons to the biological monitor. In some cases, the sensor may be constructed without the use of any expensive platinum.

Described are compositions and methods relating to the stabilization of oxidase enzymes by heat (or thermal) drying under reduced partial pressure of diatomic oxygen. The compositions and methods allow for dehydration of oxidase-containing compositions with no loss of enzyme activity.

The present disclosure relates to microneedle devices and methods for treating a disease (for example, diabetes) using a degradable cross-linked gel for self-regulated delivery of a therapeutic agent (for example, insulin).

The present invention relates to an enzymatic electrode comprising a conductive surface and wherein a conjugate comprising at least one enzyme molecule is covalently bound to the conductive surface. The electrode is suitable for continuous analyte monitoring, particularly for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) with glucose oxidase (GOD) as enzyme molecule. Further, the invention relates to an electrochemical sensor for measuring the concentration of an analyte, e.g. glucose under in vivo conditions comprising the enzymatic electrode.

By using a mutant glucose oxidase comprising an amino acid sequence in which a residue corresponding to isoleucine at position 489 or arginine at position 335 in the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 is substituted with an amino acid residue having a reactive functional group in a side chain, and binding an electron acceptor to the mutant glucose oxidase through the amino acid residue having a reactive functional group, an electron acceptor-modified glucose oxidase is obtained.

Methods for making nanocomposites are provided. In an embodiment, such a method comprises combining a first type of nanostructure with a bulk material in water or an aqueous solution, the first type of nanostructure functionalized with a functional group capable of undergoing van der Waals interactions with the bulk material, whereby the first type of nanostructure induces exfoliation of the bulk material to provide a second, different type of nanostructure while inducing association between the first and second types of nanostructures to form the nanocomposite.

The present invention relates to a novel organic electron-transfer mediator showing an excellent oxidation-reduction potential and a device such as an electrochemical biosensor having improved performance comprising the same.

Materials and methods for conducting an atom transfer radical polymerization in the presence of oxygen by interlocking enzymatic activities are provided herein.

Materials and methods for conducting an atom transfer radical polymerization in the presence of oxygen by interlocking enzymatic activities are provided herein.