A chemoenzymatic process for the preparation of 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid includes contacting D-glucose with (i) at least two enzymes selected from the group consisting essentially of galactose oxidase, pyranose 2-oxidase, glucarate dehydratase, catalase and a combination thereof to produce an intermediate; and (ii) a heterogeneous metal catalyst to form 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid.

A chemoenzymatic process for the preparation of an oxidized glucose product comprising contacting D-glucose with an enzyme selected from the group consisting essentially of galactose oxidase (GAO), glucose oxidase (GOX), polysaccharide monooxygenase, catalase, animal peroxidase, periplasmic aldehyde oxidase (Pao), unspecific peroxygenase (UPO), lactoperoxidase (LPO), myeloperoxidase (MPO), eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), ovoperoxidase, salivary peroxidase, vanadium haloperoxidase, non-mammalian vertebrate peroxidase (POX), peroxidasin (Pxd), bacterial peroxicin (Pxc), invertebrate peroxinectin (Pxt), short peroxidockerin (PxDo), alpha-dioxygenase (aDox), dual oxidase (DuOx), prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS), cyclooxygenase (CyOx), linoleate diol synthase (LDS), variants thereof, and combinations thereof under conditions suitable for the formation of an oxidized intermediate; and contacting the oxidized intermediate with a metal catalyst to form an oxidized glucose product.

The present invention provides engineered galactose oxidase (GOase) enzymes, polypeptides having GOase activity, and polynucleotides encoding these enzymes, as well as vectors and host cells comprising these polynucleotides and polypeptides. Methods for producing GOase enzymes are also provided. The present invention further provides compositions comprising the GOase enzymes and methods of using the engineered GOase enzymes. The present invention finds particular use in the production of pharmaceutical and other compounds.

A system for the production of high value chemicals includes (a) an input selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, glycerol, ethanol methanol or a combination thereof. In addition, the system includes (b) an oxidation biocatalyst including an alcohol oxidase, a copper radical oxidase, a glycerol oxidase, an alditol oxidase or a combination thereof. Further, the system includes (c) an oxidized intermediate. The system also includes (d) a finishing catalyst including a supported metal catalyst, a carboligating catalyst, an amine oxidase, a glyoxalase, an acid catalyst, a base catalyst, an isomerization catalyst or a combination thereof. Still further, the system includes (e) an output.

Aspects of the present disclosure are drawn to methods of improving the expression of secreted cuproenzymes from host cells by manipulating the expression level of one or more proteins involved in copper transport in the host cell, e.g., membrane-bound copper transporting ATPases and soluble copper transporters. The present disclosure also provides compositions containing such improved host cells as well as products derived from the improved host cells that contain one or more cuproenzymes of interest.

Systems and methods of making lactobionic acid are described. The systems include two-compartment cation bipolar electrodialysis assemblies having at least one cell that includes a cation ion-exchange membrane and a bipolar membrane. The membranes define the borders of a pair of flow channels for a separate (i) caustic stream and (i) purified lactobionic acid stream. Lactobionate ions in the lactobionic acid stream do not cross a membrane in the electrodialysis assembly, which reduces membrane fouling. The methods include passing a lactobionate salt through a two-compartment cation bipolar electrodialysis assembly. The electrodialysis assembly includes at least one two-compartment cation bipolar membrane cell, and separates the lactobionate salt into a caustic compound and the lactobionic acid. The assembly is designed so the lactobionate ions do not cross an ion exchange membrane in the assembly to form the lactobionic acid, which reduces membrane fouling.

The present disclosure relates to a hypoxia-inducing cryogel, comprising one or more polymer and one or more hypoxia-inducing agent. The present disclosure additionally relates to a hypoxia-inducing construct, comprising a cryogel and a support. Methods of reducing concentration of oxygen in a medium, comprising contacting the medium with a hypoxia-inducing cryogel (HIC) or a hypoxia-inducing construct are disclosed. Additionally, methods of inducing hypoxia in a cell, comprising contacting the cell with a medium, wherein the medium comprises a HIC or a hypoxia-inducing construct are disclosed.

The present invention provides engineered galactose oxidase (GOase) enzymes, polypeptides having GOase activity, and polynucleotides encoding these enzymes, as well as vectors and host cells comprising these polynucleotides and polypeptides. Methods for producing GOase enzymes are also provided. The present invention further provides compositions comprising the GOase enzymes and methods of using the engineered GOase enzymes. The present invention finds particular use in the production of pharmaceutical and other compounds.

The use of UV-activated Copper Radical Oxidase (CRO) enzymes in the implementation of oxidation reactions. Also, a process for oxidizing organic compounds using enzymes which are activated by UV light. The process also leads to concomitant formation of hydrogen peroxide, that can optionally be used in hydrogen peroxide mediated processes. Further, the process relates to the oxidation of alcohols in aldehydes.

The present invention provides engineered galactose oxidase (GOase) enzymes, polypeptides having GOase activity, and polynucleotides encoding these enzymes, as well as vectors and host cells comprising these polynucleotides and polypeptides. Methods for producing GOase enzymes are also provided. The present invention further provides compositions comprising the GOase enzymes and methods of using the engineered GOase enzymes. The present invention finds particular use in the production of pharmaceutical and other compounds.