A combination of an electrochemical device for delivering reducing equivalents to a cell, and engineered metabolic pathways within the cell capable of utilizing the electrochemically provided reducing equivalents is disclosed. Such a combination allows the production of commodity chemicals by fermentation to proceed with increased carbon efficiency.

Many biotechnologically relevant organisms cannot utilize cheap and abundant one carbon feedstocks, e.g. CO.sub.2, CO, formaldehyde, methanol, and methane, for growth and instead prefer complex feedstocks such as sugars. Disclosed herein is a system that enables organisms to consume one carbon molecules for growth and maintenance via a formyl-CoA elongation pathway. Utilization of one carbon feedstocks can replace the use of sugar as the primary means of cultivating organisms in biotechnological applications. This has the potential to be more cost effective and avoid the controversial use of food as feedstocks. Intermediates of the formyl-CoA elongation pathway may be also be converted to desired chemical products.

A combination of an electrochemical device for delivering reducing equivalents to a cell, and engineered metabolic pathways within the cell capable of utilizing the electrochemically provided reducing equivalents is disclosed. Such a combination allows the production of commodity chemicals by fermentation to proceed with increased carbon efficiency.

Provided herein are non-naturally occurring microbial organisms comprising a methane-oxidizing metabolic pathway. The invention additionally comprises non-naturally occurring microbial organisms comprising pathways for the production of chemicals. The invention additionally provides methods for using said organisms for the production of chemicals.

A combination of an electrochemical device for delivering reducing equivalents to a cell, and engineered metabolic pathways within the cell capable of utilizing the electrochemically provided reducing equivalents is disclosed. Such a combination allows the production of commodity chemicals by fermentation to proceed with increased carbon efficiency.

Provided herein are non-naturally occurring microbial organisms comprising a methane-oxidizing metabolic pathway. The invention additionally comprises non-naturally occurring microbial organisms comprising pathways for the production of chemicals. The invention additionally provides methods for using said organisms for the production of chemicals.

This invention relates to a novel formaldehyde dehydrogenase expressed by a formaldehyde dehydrogenase gene and having independent reduction activity for formic acid, a method of preparing the formaldehyde dehydrogenase from a strain transformed with a recombinant expression vector including the gene, and a method of producing formaldehyde from formic acid through a reduction reaction of the formaldehyde dehydrogenase.

A combination of an electrochemical device for delivering reducing equivalents to a cell, and engineered metabolic pathways within the cell capable of utilizing the electrochemically provided reducing equivalents is disclosed. Such a combination allows the production of commodity chemicals by fermentation to proceed with increased carbon efficiency.

The present invention relates to enzymatic reactor cells and related methods of use, e.g., to produce a compound or product by using an enzymatic reactor cell, wherein the enzymatic reactor cell includes a surface, a linker, and one or more enzymes.

This invention relates to a novel formaldehyde dehydrogenase expressed by a formaldehyde dehydrogenase gene and having independent reduction activity for formic acid, a method of preparing the formaldehyde dehydrogenase from a strain transformed with a recombinant expression vector including the gene, and a method of producing formaldehyde from formic acid through a reduction reaction of the formaldehyde dehydrogenase.