Microorganisms and methods of producing n-butyraldehyde with enhanced yields are presented in which a microorganism is engineered to enhance the conversion of a carbon source into n-butyraldehyde. The n-butyraldehyde is recovered by way of a gas stripping process that occurs during the conversion process, providing significantly greater product yield than post-fermentation recovery of n-butyraldehyde alone.

A process for producing butanol is provided, involving: A) mixing water, lactate, an enzyme mixture comprising at least one enzyme, at least one cofactor and at least one coenzyme, to prepare a reaction mixture; B) catalytically reacting the reaction mixture for an amount of time sufficient to cause conversion of lactate into butanol; and wherein the conversion of lactate into butanol in B) is associated with a regeneration system of NAD (P).sup.+/NAD (P) H and/or acetyl-CoA/CoA.

A combination of an electrochemical device for delivering reducing equivalents to a cell, and engineered metabolic pathways within the cell capable of utilizing the electrochemically provided reducing equivalents is disclosed. Such a combination allows the production of commodity chemicals by fermentation to proceed with increased carbon efficiency.

This disclosure provides a genetically-modified bacterium from the genus Megasphaera that comprises an exogenous nucleic acid encoding a bifunctional aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase that produces butanol as the final product. The disclosure further provides methods for producing butanol using such genetically-modified bacterium.

Microorganisms and methods of producing n-butyraldehyde with enhanced yields are presented in which a microorganism is engineered to enhance the conversion of a carbon source into n-butyraldehyde. The n-butyraldehyde is recovered by way of a gas stripping process that occurs during the conversion process, providing significantly greater product yield than post-fermentation recovery of n-butyraldehyde alone.

The present specification relates to a transformed yeast strain capable of simultaneously utilizing xylose and glucose as carbon sources, a preparation method thereof and a biofuel production method using the same. The transformed yeast strain transforms a wild-type yeast strain incapable of using xylose as a carbon source and simultaneously convert glucose and xylose, thereby enabling high yield production of a biofuel. The economics and sustainability of the biofuel and biomaterial production processes can be highly enhanced by providing a strain which can easily be converted to a strain capable of producing a biofuel/material in a high yield through an additional modification.

Among the various aspects of the present disclosure is the provision of a genetically engineered transgenic microorganisms Rhodopseudomonas palustris and methods of making and using the same.

A process for producing butanol is provided, involving: A) mixing water, lactate, an enzyme mixture comprising at least one enzyme, at least one cofactor and at least one coenzyme, to prepare a reaction mixture; B) catalytically reacting the reaction mixture for an amount of time sufficient to cause conversion of lactate into butanol; and wherein the conversion of lactate into butanol in B) is associated with a regeneration system of NAD (P).sup.+/NAD (P) H and/or acetyl-CoA/CoA.

This disclosure provides a genetically-modified bacterium from the genus Megasphaera that comprises an exogenous nucleic acid encoding a bifunctional aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase that produces butanol as the final product. The disclosure further provides methods for producing butanol using such genetically-modified bacterium.

A combination of an electrochemical device for delivering reducing equivalents to a cell, and engineered metabolic pathways within the cell capable of utilizing the electrochemically provided reducing equivalents is disclosed. Such a combination allows the production of commodity chemicals by fermentation to proceed with increased carbon efficiency.