An eco-compatible method is used to synthesize 2H-HBO optionally substituted at the β-position of the lactone function from LGO or a saturated form of LGO such as dihydrolevoglucosenone (2H-LGO) or LGO hydrate (OH-LGO) via a biocatalytic reaction using a cyclohexanone monooxygenase (CHMO).

Provided are a CYBB lentiviral vector, a lentiviral vector-transduced stem cell, a preparation method and application thereof. The lentiviral vector includes a hEF 1α promoter and CYBB that are organized in tandem. The lentiviral vector carries the CYBB gene which under the initiation of the hEF 1α promoter, and expresses the carried CYBB gene in differentiated or undifferentiated stem cells. Stem cells serve as a delivery vector.

A method for producing a compound represented by formula (3) including bringing a carbon-carbon double bond reductase, a microorganism or cell having an ability to produce the enzyme, a processed product of the microorganism or cell, and/or a culture solution containing the enzyme which is obtained by culturing the microorganism or cell, and a carbonyl reductase, a microorganism or cell having an ability to produce the enzyme, a processed product of the microorganism or cell, and/or a culture solution containing the enzyme which is obtained by culturing the microorganism or cell into contact with a compound represented by formula (1) to obtain a compound represented by formula (3): ##STR00001##

A method for producing a compound represented by formula (3) including bringing a carbon-carbon double bond reductase, a microorganism or cell having an ability to produce the enzyme, a processed product of the microorganism or cell, and/or a culture solution containing the enzyme which is obtained by culturing the microorganism or cell, and a carbonyl reductase, a microorganism or cell having an ability to produce the enzyme, a processed product of the microorganism or cell, and/or a culture solution containing the enzyme which is obtained by culturing the microorganism or cell into contact with a compound represented by formula (1) to obtain a compound represented by formula (3):

##STR00001##

The disclosure relates to engineered enone reductase polypeptides having improved properties, polynucleotides encoding the engineered polypeptides, related vectors, host cells, and methods for making the engineered enone reductase polypeptides. The disclosure also provides methods of using the engineered enone reductase polypeptides for chemical transformations.

The subject invention concerns materials and methods for alkene reduction of compounds, such as levoglucosenone (LGO) and (S)-γ-hydroxymethyl-α,β-butenolide (HBO), using an alkene reductase enzyme. In one embodiment, a method of the invention comprises alkene reduction of a target compound by reacting the compound with an Old Yellow Enzyme (OYE) that reduces alkene bonds. In one embodiment, the OYE is OYE 2.6 from Pichia stipites and comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: I. In a specific embodiment, the enzyme is an Old Yellow Enzyme (OYE) 2.6 mutant having an amino acid substitution at position 78 in the sequence, wherein the tyrosine at position 78 is substituted with a tryptophan amino acid (Y78W) and is designated as OYE 2.6 Y78W (SEQ ID NO:2).

Methods and devices for testing and monitoring L-phenylalanine in biological samples are provided.

The disclosure provides a metabolic pathway for producing a metabolite, the metabolic pathway having a co-factor purge valve system for recycling a cofactor used in the metabolic pathway.

The disclosure relates to engineered enone reductase polypeptides having improved properties, polynucleotides encoding the engineered polypeptides, related vectors, host cells, and methods for making the engineered enone reductase polypeptides. The disclosure also provides methods of using the engineered enone reductase polypeptides for chemical transformations.

The subject invention concerns materials and methods for alkene reduction of compounds, such as levoglucosenone (LGO) and (,S)-Y-hydroxymethyl-a,P-butenolide (HBO), using an alkene reductase enzyme. In one embodiment, a method of the invention comprises alkene reduction of a target compound by reacting the compound with an Old Yellow Enzyme (OYE) that reduces alkene bonds. In one embodiment, the OYE is OYE 2.6 from Pichia stipites and comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1. In a specific embodiment, the enzyme is an Old Yellow Enzyme (OYE) 2.6 mutant having an amino acid substitution at position 78 in the sequence, wherein the tyrosine at position 78 is substituted with a tryptophan amino acid (Y78W) and is designated as OYE 2.6 Y78W (SEQ ID NO:2).