A method for increasing fungal resistance in a plant, a plant part, or a plant cell wherein the method comprises the step of increasing the production and/or accumulation of scopoletin and/or a derivative thereof in the plant, plant part, or plant cell in comparison to a wild type plant, wild type plant part, or wild type plant cell.

The present disclosure discloses a recombinant microbe producing podophyllotoxin, or its derivatives, comprising genes encoding phenyl alanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), cinnamate-4-hydroxylate (C4H), 4-coumaroyl CoA-ligase (4CL), hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA quinate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HCT), p-coumaroyl quinate 3′-hydroxylase (C3H), caffeoyl CoA O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT), bifunctional pineresionl-lariciresinol reductase (DIRPLR), secoisolariciresinol dehydrogenase (SDH), cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase CYP719, O-methyltransferase (OMT), cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase CYP71, and 2-oxoglutarate/Fe(II)-dependent dioxygenase (2-ODD). Also disclosed herein is a method for producing podophyllotoxin or its derivatives. Moreover, a method of treating cancer is also disclosed.

A method of making curcuminoids in a mammalian cell. The method of making a curcuminoid in a mammalian cell includes expressing one or more enzymes in the mammalian cell, the enzymes being selected from the group consisting of tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL), 4-coumaroyl-CoA ligase (4CL1), curcuminoid synthase (CUS), diketide-CoA synthase (DCS), curcumin synthase (CURS1), 4-coumarate 3-hydroxylase (C3H), caffeoyl-CoA 3-O-methyltransferase (CCoAMT), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). The expressing of the one or more enzymes converts a starting material, such as tyrosine or ferulic acid, to the curcuminoid. Also provided herein are therapeutic uses for the curcuminoid made in a mammalian cell.

A method of making curcuminoids in a mammalian cell. The method of making a curcuminoid in a mammalian cell includes expressing one or more enzymes in the mammalian cell, the enzymes being selected from the group consisting of tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL), 4-coumaroyl-CoA ligase (4CL1), curcuminoid synthase (CUS), diketide-CoA synthase (DCS), curcumin synthase (CURS1), 4-coumarate 3-hydroxylase (C3H), caffeoyl-CoA 3-O-methyltransferase (CCoAMT), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). The expressing of the one or more enzymes converts a starting material, such as tyrosine or ferulic acid, to the curcuminoid. Also provided herein are therapeutic uses for the curcuminoid made in a mammalian cell.

The present disclosure discloses a recombinant microbe producing podophyllotoxin, or its derivatives, comprising genes encoding phenyl alanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), cinnamate-4-hydroxylate (C4H), 4-coumaroyl CoA-ligase (4CL), hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA quinate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HCT), p-coumaroyl quinate 3-hydroxylase (C3H), caffeoyl CoA O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT), bifunctional pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductase (DIRPLR), secoisolariciresinol dehydrogenase (SDH), cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase CYP719, O-methyltransferase (OMT), cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase CYP71, and 2-oxoglutarate/Fe(II)-dependent dioxygenase (2-ODD). Also disclosed herein is a method for producing podophyllotoxin or its derivatives. Moreover, a method of treating cancer is also disclosed.