A method for producing an objective substance such as sphingoid bases and sphingolipids using yeast is provided. An objective substance is produced by cultivating yeast having an ability to produce the objective substance in a culture medium containing an additive that is able to associate with, bind to, solubilize, and/or capture the objective substance, and collecting the objective substance from cells of the yeast and/or the culture medium.

The present invention discloses an engineering yeast strain for producing nervonic acids. The yeast strain over-expresses the genes related to enzymes required in a synthetic process of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids, such as fatty acid elongase, desaturase, diacylglycerol acyltransferase and the like, and optionally, further adjusts and controls the synthesis and decomposition route of triglyceride, the synthesis and decomposition route of sphingomyelin, and the synthesis and decomposition route and the oxidation-reduction balanced route of lipid subcell levels. The recombinant yeast strain can produce microorganism oil; and the content of the prepared nervonic acids accounts for 39.6% of the total fatty acids.

This document relates to methods and materials for generating oilseed (e.g., pennycress) plants that have oil with reduced levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and/or increased levels of oleic acid. For example, oilseed plants having reduced expression levels of one or more polypeptides involved in fatty acid biosynthesis (e.g., fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) and reduced oleate desaturation 1 (ROD1)), as well as methods and materials for making and using such oilseed plants are provided.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and/or derivatives thereof. Substance production of very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and/or derivatives thereof has been possible by the conventional technology. However, concentrations of the produced substances have been low. The substance production of very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and/or derivatives thereof has been possible. However, the substances produced cannot be obtained in sufficient concentrations and cannot be used as compositions. The present invention provides very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and/or derivatives thereof with increased concentrations. Moreover, the object of the present invention is to provide a composition comprising very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and/or derivatives thereof.

The present technology relates to a microalga that is genetically modified by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme 0-elongase (0-ELO), which uses palmitic acid, a saturated fatty acid, as substrate and is associated with the production of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG). The present technology also relates to a process for culturing the microalga for increased production of triacylglycerols (TAGs) and recovery of the TAGs.

Disclosed are nucleotide sequences and corresponding amino acid sequences of Arxula adeninivorans genes that can be utilized to manipulate the lipid content and/or composition of a cell. Methods and compositions for utilizing this information are disclosed to increase the lipid content or modify the lipid composition of a cell by either increasing or decreasing the activity of certain genetic targets.

Disclosed are methods and compositions for increasing the triacylglycerol content of a cell by up-regulating diacylglycerol acyltransferase and down-regulating triacylglycerol lipase. In some embodiments, a DGA1 protein is expressed and a native TGL3 gene is knocked out, thereby increasing the synthesis of triacylglycerol and decreasing its consumption, respectively.

Disclosed are transformed cells comprising one or more genetic modifications that affect the lipid content of the cell, e.g., by increasing the concentration of oleic acid in the cell relative to an unmodified cell of the same type. Also disclosed are methods for modifying the lipid content of a cell by increasing the activity of one or more proteins in the cell and/or by decreasing the activity of one or more proteins in the same cell.

Genes encoding mutant 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthases are introduced into host cells. Certain of the mutants enhance the production of shorter-chain fatty acids and derivatives by the cell than do the wild-type (unmutated) enzymes. In other cases, the chain length is not significantly affected, but productivity is enhanced. In specific cases, both a shift toward lower chain length and higher productivity is seen. Cells producing the mutant 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthases are especially suitable for producing C6-C10 fatty acids and derivatives.

The present disclosure relates to use of a multigene stacking method in synthesis of nervonic acid in Brassica napus. The present disclosure provides a multigene co-expression plant vector, including an initial backbone of pBWA(V)BII and multiple exogenous gene expression cassettes. The present disclosure further provides two plant vectors applicable to genetic transformation, including a three-gene co-expression plant vector and a five-gene co-expression plant vector. In the present disclosure, after the three-gene co-expression plant vector and the five-gene co-expression plant vector are separately transferred into the Brassica napus, the nervonic acid (NA) with a high content is synthesized in the Brassica napus through multigene co-expression. An NA ratio can be significantly increased combined with a higher seed oil content and a greater field seed yield. The plant vector realizes efficient synthesis of NA in oil crops, obtains NA-rich seed oil, and increases an added value of edible oil.