A system for biofuel production can include a cell, a nanoparticle on a surface of the cell, and an irradiation unit configured to expose the cell to irradiation. A method of producing biofuel can include providing a cell having a nanoparticle on a surface of the cell, exposing the cell to a fuel precursor, irradiating the cell, converting the fuel precursor to a biofuel with the cell, and collecting the biofuel.

Provided is a process for synthesizing a functionalized cyclic dithiocarbamate.

The present invention relates to a process for synthesizing functionalized mercaptans essentially in the absence of oxygen, and also to a composition making it possible in particular to implement this process. Said functionalized mercaptans are of the following formula (I):

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in which, R.sub.1 and R.sub.7, which are identical or different, are a hydrogen atom or an aromatic or nonaromatic, linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may comprise one or more heteroatoms; X is chosen from -C(=O)-, -CH.sub.2- or -CN; R.sub.2 is: (i) either absent when X represents -CN, (ii) or a hydrogen atom, (iii) or -OR.sub.3, R.sub.3 being a hydrogen atom or an aromatic or nonaromatic, linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may comprise one or more heteroatoms, (iv) or -NR.sub.4R.sub.5, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5, which are identical or different, being a hydrogen atom or an aromatic or nonaromatic, linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may comprise one or more heteroatoms; n is equal to 1 or 2; and * represents an asymmetric carbon.

The present disclosure relates to a variant of YjeH, which is an inner membrane protein, a microorganism including the same, and a method for producing a target product using the same.

The present invention relates to a method for producing L-methionine in which a microorganism is cultured in the presence of L-homoserine and methyl mercaptan, a salt of the same or dimethyl disulfide whereby the L-methionine is accumulated in the culture medium.

Provided is a process for synthesizing a functionalized cyclic dithiocarbamate.

Provided is a process for the preparation of L-methionine in an enzymatic reaction utilizing dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) a precursor of L-methionine, and an organic reducing compound. In the process, methyl mercaptan can be formed by the enzymatic hydrogenolysis of the DMDS.

Provided is an enzymatic process for preparing L-methionine from diethyl disulfide.

An enzymatically catalyzed method for producing L-glufosinate or a phosphoester of L-glufosinate can be performed. An activated L-homoserine H.sub.A is reacted with a substrate S selected from methylphosphinic acid and the esters of methylphosphinic acid. The method makes accessible new substrates in the enzymatic production of L-glufosinate and its phosphoesters.

The present disclosure relates to a novel O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase variant, a polynucleotide encoding the same, a vector comprising the polynucleotide, a strain capable of expressing the variant, and a method for producing L-methionine using the variant.