Provided are SpdE polypeptides and variants and nucleic acids encoding the SpdE polypeptides and variants. Also provided are vectors including one or more nucleic acids encoding a SpdE polypeptide or variant and cells including a nucleic acid encoding the SpdE polypeptide or variant, as well as cells expressing a SpdE polypeptide or variant and compositions including such cells and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Finally, methods of detecting presence and/or amount of one or more amino acids in a sample are provided. The methods include contacting the sample with a SpdE protein, measuring diguanylate cyclase activity of the SpdE protein; and comparing the diguanylate cyclase activity of the SpdE protein to a control. The methods can utilize isolated SpdE protein or a cell expressing a SpdE protein.

Provided are SpdE polypeptides and variants and nucleic acids encoding the SpdE polypeptides and variants. Also provided are vectors including one or more nucleic acids encoding a SpdE polypeptide or variant and cells including a nucleic acid encoding the SpdE polypeptide or variant, as well as cells expressing a SpdE polypeptide or variant and compositions including such cells and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Finally, methods of detecting presence and/or amount of one or more amino acids in a sample are provided. The methods include contacting the sample with a SpdE protein, measuring diguanylate cyclase activity of the SpdE protein; and comparing the diguanylate cyclase activity of the SpdE protein to a control. The methods can utilize isolated SpdE protein or a cell expressing a SpdE protein.

An Enterobacter species isolated from finger millet, characterized by 16S rRNA gene analysis and the identification of genes that prevent or inhibit the growth of fungal plant pathogens, is disclosed for use with agricultural plants.

Provided are SpdE polypeptides and variants and nucleic acids encoding the SpdE polypeptides and variants. Also provided are vectors including one or more nucleic acids encoding a SpdE polypeptide or variant and cells including a nucleic acid encoding the SpdE polypeptide or variant, as well as cells expressing a SpdE polypeptide or variant and compositions including such cells and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Finally, methods of detecting presence and/or amount of one or more amino acids in a sample are provided. The methods include contacting the sample with a SpdE protein, measuring diguanylate cyclase activity of the SpdE protein; and comparing the diguanylate cyclase activity of the SpdE protein to a control. The methods can utilize isolated SpdE protein or a cell expressing a SpdE protein.

The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical combination comprising a recombinant Gram-negative bacterial strain and an immune checkpoint modulator (ICM) and their use in a method for the prevention, delay of progression or treatment of cancer in a subject.

Provided are SpdE polypeptides and variants and nucleic acids encoding the SpdE polypeptides and variants. Also provided are vectors including one or more nucleic acids encoding a SpdE polypeptide or variant and cells including a nucleic acid encoding the SpdE polypeptide or variant, as well as cells expressing a SpdE polypeptide or variant and compositions including such cells and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Finally, methods of detecting presence and/or amount of one or more amino acids in a sample are provided. The methods include contacting the sample with a SpdE protein, measuring diguanylate cyclase activity of the SpdE protein; and comparing the diguanylate cyclase activity of the SpdE protein to a control. The methods can utilize isolated SpdE protein or a cell expressing a SpdE protein.

This disclosure provides the single-component near-infrared light-controlled IsPadC-PCM-based optogenetic systems for prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, consisting of an evolved photosensory core module of the Idiomarina sp. bacterial phytochrome, named iLight. The iLight systems are smaller and packable in an adeno-associated virus, as compared to the other near-infrared optogenetic systems based on phytochromes. This disclosure demonstrates the high light-activation efficiency of the developed iLight systems in gene transcription regulation in bacteria, cultured mammalian cells, primary isolated neurons, and living mouse tissue in vivo. The iLight systems also enable crosstalk-free spectral multiplexing with optogenetic systems and fluorescent probes activated or excited by light of the visible spectral range.

A practical method for enzymatically synthesizing c-di-GMP with excellent productivity is provided. A diguanylate cyclase having physical and chemical characteristics (A) to (F): (A) catalytic action on reaction 2 GTP.fwdarw.c-di-GMP; (B) a molecular weight of 198002000; (C) an optimum pH of 7.3 to 9.4; (D) an optimum temperature of 35 to 60 C.; (E) thermal stability as the remaining activity of 90% or higher after heated for 60 minutes under conditions of 50 C. and pH7.8; and (F) the presence of GGDEF (SEQ ID NO:26) domain and the lack of amino acid sequence KXXD (SEQ ID NO:23) in the i-site.

A practical method for enzymatically synthesizing c-di-GMP with excellent productivity is provided. A diguanylate cyclase having physical and chemical characteristics (A) to (F): (A) catalytic action on reaction 2 GTP.fwdarw.c-di-GMP; (B) a molecular weight of 198002000; (C) an optimum pH of 7.3 to 9.4; (D) an optimum temperature of 35 to 60 C.; (E) thermal stability as the remaining activity of 90% or higher after heated for 60 minutes under conditions of 50 C. and pH7.8; and (F) the presence of GGDEF (SEQ ID NO:26) domain and the lack of amino acid sequence KXXD (SEQ ID NO:23) in the i-site.

A practical method for enzymatically synthesizing c-di-GMP with excellent productivity is provided. A diguanylate cyclase having physical and chemical characteristics (A) to (F): (A) catalytic action on reaction 2 GTP.fwdarw.c-di-GMP; (B) a molecular weight of 198002000; (C) an optimum pH of 7.3 to 9.4; (D) an optimum temperature of 35 to 60 C.; (E) thermal stability as the remaining activity of 90% or higher after heated for 60 minutes under conditions of 50 C. and pH7.8; and (F) the presence of GGDEF (SEQ ID NO:26) domain and the lack of amino acid sequence KXXD (SEQ ID NO:23) in the i-site.