The disclosure relates to enzymes, such as cucurbitadienol synthase (CDS), UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT), C11 hydroxylase, epoxide hydrolase (EPH), squalene epoxidase (SQE), and/or cytochrome P450 reductase enzymes, recombinant host cells expressing the enzymes, and methods of producing mogrol precursors, mogrol, and/or mogrosides using such recombinant cells.

Described in this application are UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGT) enzymes, host cells expressing the UGTs, and methods of producing mogrol precursors, mogrol, and/or mogrosides using such host cells.

Methods for the preparation of the following compound are disclosed.

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The compound can be incorporated into pharmaceutical formulations, including tablets and such tablets can be used for treating cholestatic liver diseases.

Methods for the preparation of the following compound are disclosed. ##STR00001##
The compound can be incorporated into pharmaceutical formulations, including tablets and such tablets can be used for treating cholestatic liver diseases.

Methods for the preparation of the following compound are disclosed.

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The compound can be incorporated into pharmaceutical formulations, including tablets and such tablets can be used for treating cholestatic liver diseases.

Described in this application are proteins and host cells involved in methods of producing mogrol precursors, mogrol, and/or mogrosides.

Certain embodiments of the invention provide a method for identifying a cancer cell that is sensitive to a biguanide compound or other CYP epoxygenase inhibitor, comprising detecting increased expression of at least one cytochrome P450 (CYP) and/or decreased expression of soluble epoxide hydrolase (EPHX2) in the cancer cell, wherein increased CYP expression and/or decreased expression of EPHX2 in the cancer cell correlates with increased sensitivity of the cancer cell to the biguanide compound or other CYP epoxygenase inhibitor.