This disclosure describes recombinant Megasphaera microbes designed to include increased consumption of acetate, increased carbon flux to butyryl-CoA and/or hexanoyl-CoA, increased production of butyrate and/or hexanoate, or a combination thereof, than a comparable control. This disclosure also describes methods that generally include growing such recombinant microbes under conditions effective for the recombinant microbes to consume greater amounts of acetate, produce increased amounts of butyryl-CoA and/or hexanoyl-CoA, produce increased amounts of butyrate and/or hexanoate, or a combination thereof.

The present disclosure provides methods and compositions for generating populations of auxotrophic cells and populations of differentiated cells and selecting populations of transfected cells using split auxotrophy.

The instant disclosure is generally related to compositions and methods for obtaining and constructing Bacillus licheniformis host cells (e.g., protein production host cells, cell factories) having increased protein production capabilities. Certain embodiments of the disclosure are directed to efficient genetic modifications of B. licheniformis cells and the subsequent selection of such B. licheniformis cells having increased protein production capabilities. Certain other embodiments of the disclosure are generally related to methods and compositions for producing/obtaining auxotrophic B. licheniformis cells, wherein certain other embodiments of the disclosure are directed to methods and compositions for restoring prototrophy in auxotrophic B. licheniformis cells, and expressing genes of interest (GOIs) in such restored prototrophy B. licheniformis cells.

The present invention relates to: a novel Pichia kudriavzevii microorganism NG7 showing heat resistance and acid resistance; a composition, for producing organic acid or alcohol, which comprises the microorganism and a culture of the same; and a method, for producing an organic acid or alcohol, which comprises culturing the microorganism.

Provided is a Pichia pastoris mutant strain for expressing an exogenous gene. Specifically, provided is a Pichia pastoris mutant strain comprising, with respect to Pichia pastoris mutant strain GS115 or CICC32806, one or more of the following six mutations: BQ9382_C1-2260, EKK deletions at positions 308-310, a hypothetical protein; BQ9382_C1-3800, E129K, 60S ribosomal subunit assembly/exported protein LOC1; BQ9382_C1-5700, I312M, mitochondrial external NADH dehydrogenase, type II NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase; BQ9382_C2-3950, Q145X, an essential protein having a binding partner Psr1p and used for completely activating a general stress response; BQ9382_C3-2220, E188K, a hypothetical protein; and BQ9382_C3-4370, W196X, orotidine 5\′-phosphate decarboxylase. The provided Pichia pastoris mutant strain is an effective commonly employed host for exogenous expression, and can efficiently express different proteins, especially phospholipase and lipase.

Provided is a recombinant Hansenula polymorpha-based high dosage hepatitis B vaccine, an HBsAg pure stock solution yield of a recombinant Hansenula polymorpha fermentation broth used for producing the hepatitis B vaccine being 300 mg/L-400 mg/L.

The instant disclosure is generally related to compositions and methods for obtaining and constructing Bacillus licheniformis host cells (e.g., protein production host cells, cell factories) having increased protein production capabilities. Certain embodiments of the disclosure are directed to efficient genetic modifications of B. licheniformis cells and the subsequent selection of such B. licheniformis cells having increased protein production capabilities. Certain other embodiments of the disclosure are generally related to methods and compositions for producing/obtaining auxotrophic B. licheniformis cells, wherein certain other embodiments of the disclosure are directed to methods and compositions for restoring prototrophy in auxotrophic B. licheniformis cells, and expressing genes of interest (GOIs) in such restored prototrophy B. licheniformis cells.

The instant disclosure is generally related to compositions and methods for obtaining and constructing Bacillus licheniformis host cells (e.g., protein production host cells, cell factories) having increased protein production capabilities. Certain embodiments of the disclosure are directed to efficient genetic modifications of B. licheniformis cells and the subsequent selection of such B. licheniformis cells having increased protein production capabilities. Certain other embodiments of the disclosure are generally related to methods and compositions for producing/obtaining auxotrophic B. licheniformis cells, wherein certain other embodiments of the disclosure are directed to methods and compositions for restoring prototrophy in auxotrophic B. licheniformis cells, and expressing genes of interest (GOIs) in such restored prototrophy B. licheniformis cells.

The present invention relates to: a novel Pichia kudriavzevii microorganism NG7 showing heat resistance and acid resistance; a composition, for producing organic acid or alcohol, which comprises the microorganism and a culture of the same; and a method, for producing an organic acid or alcohol, which comprises culturing the microorganism.

The invention provides methods of determining a therapeutically effective dose of an agent that targets a metabolic pathway based on measured levels of a metabolite in the pathway. The methods, which may include providing the agent in a therapeutically effective dose, are useful for treating disorders, such as cancer, in a subject. The invention also provides methods for assessing the impact of a therapeutic agent on a tumor in a subject by monitoring, in real time, metabolism of a molecule in the tumor, oxygenation of the tumor, or both. The invention further provides devices that determine a therapeutically effective dose of an agent that targets a metabolic pathway based on measured levels of a metabolite in the pathway and notify a subject to administer the dose.