The present invention relates to a method for converting at least one oligo- and/or polysaccharide into fructose comprising the steps of: a) adding to a composition comprising water, phosphate and at least one oligo- and/or polysaccharide at least four enzymes, and b) subsequently enzymatically converting the at least one oligo- and/or polysaccharide to fructose in the presence of the at least four enzymes, wherein in step a) at least one additional saccharide is added, whereby the at least one additional saccharide is selected from the group consisting of saccharides comprising 20 or less monosaccharide residues and/or combinations thereof; wherein in step a) the at least four enzymes, preferably at least five enzymes, are selected from the group consisting of transferases, phosphorylases, mutases, isomerases, hydrolases, phosphatases and combinations thereof; and wherein at least one enzyme in step a) is a phosphatase.

The present disclosure relates to a non-naturally occurring microorganism that includes an endogenous genetic deletion that eliminates the expression of at least a pyruvate kinase, where the genetically modified prokaryotic microorganism is capable of producing 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate.

A nanoparticle (for example, quantum dot) serves as a substrate for immobilizing enzymes involved in consecutive reactions as a cascade. This results in a significant increase in the rate of catalysis as well as final product yield compared to non-immobilized enzymes.

The present disclosure relates to a composition for producing tagatose, comprising fructose-6-phosphate-4-epimerase, and a method of producing tagatose using the same.

The invention relates to improved processes for the enzymatic production of allulose using enzymes which have been characterized as having improved expression, improved stability, and low allulose to fructose conversion activity, relative to enzymes in other allulose production methods. Improved processes include steps of converting fructose-6-phosphate to allulose 6-phopsphate A6P) using an allulose 6-phosphate epimerase, and converting A6P to allulose using an allulose-6-phosphate phosphatase.

The present application relates to a psicose-6-phosphate phosphatase, a microorganism comprising the same, and a method for producing psicose using the same.

Provided is a technique for synthesizing a nicotinamide derivative (NAm derivative) such as a nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) with high efficiency. A genetically modified microorganism is used, which can express, as nicotinamide phosphoribosylt ransferase (NAMPT), NAMPT having a conversion efficiency of 5-folds or more that of human NAMPT.

The present invention relates to recombinant bacteria producing L-amino acid, in which the recombinant bacteria has reduced expression of the glucose-6-phosphate isomerase gene pgi and improved expression of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase gene -opcA than the starting bacteria, where the starting bacterium is a bacterial strain that can accumulate target amino acid(s) and preferably, the amino acid is L-histidine.

Disclosed herein are methods of producing hexoses from saccharides by enzymatic processes. The methods utilize fructose 6-phosphate and at least one enzymatic step to convert it to a hexose.

Production of fructose from saccliarides by processes, in which fructose 6-phosphate phosphatase (F6PP) catalyzes the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate (F6P) to a fructose, in the presence of one or more divalent cations, Mg.sup.2+, Zn.sup.2+, Ca.sup.2+, Co.sup.2+, and Mn.sup.2+, are disclosed herein.