This invention relates to methods for increasing carbon fixation and/or increasing biomass production in a plant, comprising: introducing into a plant, plant part, and/or plant cell heterologous polynucleotides encoding (1) a succinyl CoA synthetase, (2) a 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, (3) a 2-oxoglutarate carboxylase, (4) an oxalosuccinate reductase, or (5) an isocitrate lyase, or (6) a succinyl CoA synthetase and a 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, (7) a 2-oxoglutarate carboxylase and an oxalosuccinate reductase polypeptide, and/or (8) a 2-oxoglutarate carboxylase polypeptide, an oxalosuccinate reductase polypeptide and an isocitrate lyase polypeptide to produce a stably transformed plant, plant part, and/or plant cell, wherein said heterologous polynucleotides are from a bacterial and/or an archaeal species. Additionally, transformed plants, plant parts, and/or plant cells are provided as well as products produced from the transformed plants, plant parts, and/or plant cells.

Provided herein are microorganisms and methods for fermentative production of -ketoadipate from gaseous substrates such as carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2), carbon monoxide (CO), and/or hydrogen (H.sub.2). Additionally, the processes provided herein are methods for producing polymers containing -ketoadipate, that can potentially enable a circular economy by diverting waste, e.g., plastic waste.

Described are genetically engineered C1-utilizing bacteria for the preparation of dicarboxylic acids, e.g. succinic acid. For instance, the bacteria comprise a mutation in a gene encoding a tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) succinate dehydrogenase (Sdh), preferably a mutation which inactivates or reduces Sdh's activity. Processes for the production of the modified bacteria as well as their use in the preparation of succinic acid on a C1-compound as carbon source are also discussed.

This document describes biochemical pathways for producing pimelic acid, 7-aminoheptanoate, 7-hydroxyheptanoate, heptamethylenediamine, or 1,7-heptanediol by forming two terminal functional groups, comprised of carboxyl, amine or hydroxyl group, in a C7 aliphatic backbone substrate produced from chorismate or benzoate. These pathways, metabolic engineering and cultivation strategies described herein rely on the anaerobic benzoyl-CoA degradation pathway enzymes.

This document describes biochemical pathways for producing pimelic acid, 7-aminoheptanoic acid, 7-hydroxyheptanoic acid, heptamethylenediamine or 1,7-heptanediol by forming one or two terminal functional groups, each comprised of carboxyl, amine or hydroxyl group, in a C7 aliphatic backbone substrate. These pathways, metabolic engineering and cultivation strategies described herein rely on the C1 elongation enzymes or homolog associated with coenzyme B biosynthesis.

Recombinant microorganisms with deregulated succinyl-CoA synthetase activity, as well as the uses for producing lysine, -lysine, cadaverine or N-acetylcadaverine thereby are provided. Recombinant polypeptides comprising an amino acid sequence being at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NO: 51 or 53 are also provided. The method of producing fine chemicals using said recombinant microorganisms, in particular the method of producing lysine, or derivatives thereof, such as -lysine, cadaverine or N-acetylcadaverine is further provided.

This document describes biochemical pathways for producing pimelic acid, 7-aminoheptanoate, 7-hydroxyheptanoate, heptamethylenediamine, or 1,7-heptanediol by forming two terminal functional groups, comprised of carboxyl, amine or hydroxyl group, in a C7 aliphatic backbone substrate produced from chorismate or benzoate. These pathways, metabolic engineering and cultivation strategies described herein rely on the anaerobic benzoyl-CoA degradation pathway enzymes.

This document describes biochemical pathways for producing pimelic acid, 7-aminoheptanoic acid, 7-hydroxyheptanoic acid, heptamethylenediamine or 1,7-heptanediol by forming one or two terminal functional groups, each comprised of carboxyl, amine or hydroxyl group, in a C7 aliphatic backbone substrate. These pathways, metabolic engineering and cultivation strategies described herein rely on the C1 elongation enzymes or homolog associated with coenzyme B biosynthesis.

The invention relates generally to a method of treatment for a human genetic disease, such as diseases characterized by unbalanced nucleotide pools, e.g., mitochondrial DNA depletion syndromes, and more specifically, thymidine kinase 2 (TK2) deficiency, using gene therapy. The gene therapy may involve administration of one or more constructs, such as a viral vector, containing a nucleic acid encoding a functional protein. The functional protein may correspond to a nuclear gene. For treatment of TK2 deficiency, the gene therapy may involve administration of one or more constructs, such as a viral vector, containing a nucleic acid encoding a functional TK2 enzyme. The treatment may also involve the administration of pharmacological therapy in conjunction with the gene therapy. The treatment protocols of the disclosure, such as those involving gene therapy alone or in combination with pharmacological therapy, can be used to treat, prevent, and/or cure various other disorders of unbalanced nucleoside pools, especially those found in mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome.