A fungal cell is capable of producing high levels of fatty acids and fatty acid-derived products. The fungal cell comprises at least one modification to the endogenous fatty acid metabolism.

Improved production of threonine from E. coli by fermentation is accomplished by attenuation but not elimination of the expression of either or both of the yafV gene encoding omega-amidase (a.k.a. 2-oxoglutaramate amidase). In certain embodiments the strain also has attenuated expression of the ilvA gene encoding threonine dehydratase (a.k.a threonine deaminase) in cases where there is attenuated express of the ilvA gene there is no need to express an exogenous cimA gene. In examples of both cases, attenuation is accomplished by engineering these genes to contain a weaker ribosome site. Further improvements in threonine production are made by expression of a heterologous pyruvate carboxylase gene exemplified by expression of the Corynebacterium glutamicum pyc gene under control of an E. coli promoter, to provide expression of pyruvate carboxylase that is not naturally expressed in E. coli. Still further improvement is accomplished by overexpression of the rhtC gene encoding the E. coli threonine transporter protein, exemplified by inserting a stronger ribosome binding site upstream of the open reading frame for the rhtC gene.

The invention provides non-naturally occurring microbial organisms containing a fatty alcohol, fatty aldehyde or fatty acid pathway, wherein the microbial organisms selectively produce a fatty alcohol, fatty aldehyde or fatty acid of a specified length. Also provided are non-naturally occurring microbial organisms having a fatty alcohol, fatty aldehyde or fatty acid pathway, wherein the microbial organisms further include an acetyl-CoA pathway. In some aspects, the microbial organisms of the invention have select gene disruptions or enzyme attenuations that increase production of fatty alcohols, fatty aldehydes or fatty acids. The invention additionally provides methods of using the above microbial organisms to produce a fatty alcohol, a fatty aldehyde or a fatty acid.

Yeast cells having a reductive TCA pathway from pyruvate or phosphoenolpyruvate to succinate, and which include at least one exogenous gene overexpressing an enzyme in that pathway, further contain an exogenous transhydrogenase gene.

The present application provides genetically modified yeast cell comprising an active succinate fermentation pathway, as well as methods of using these cells to produce succinate.

Provided is a transformant which uses Schizosaccharomyces pombe as a host, into which one or more foreign genes selected from the group consisting of a phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene and a pyruvate carboxylase gene are incorporated, and in which pdc2 genes of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe host have undergone deletion or deactivation, and a method for manufacturing a dicarboxylic acid having 4 carbon atoms by using the transformant.

The present invention relates to a method for promoting acetylglucosamine synthesis of Bacillus subtilis, which belongs to the field of genetic engineering. The present invention adopts the recombinant Bacillus subtilis BSGNKAP2 as a starting strain, exogenously introducing pyruvate carboxylase BalpycA derived from Bacillus cereus, eliminating the central carbon metabolism overflow of the Bacillus subtilis and avoiding the synthesis of the by-product acetoin; further, five exogenous reducing force metabolic reactions are introduced to replace the reaction of generating NADH in glycolysis pathway and tricarboxylic acid cycle to reconstruct intracellular reducing force metabolism, which specifically comprise glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate ferredoxin dehydrogenase, isocitrate NAD.sup.+ dehydrogenase, a malate quinone dehydrogenase, a ketoacid ferredoxin oxidoreductase and a nitrogenase ferritin. In a shake-flask fermentation process using a complex medium, acetylglucosamine yield of the recombinant strain BSGNKAP8 is 24.50 g/L, acetylglucosamine/glucose yield is 0.469 g/g, respectively 1.97 times and 2.13 times of those of the starting strain BSGNKAP2.

Yeast cells having a reductive TCA pathway from pyruvate or phosphoenolpyruvate to succinate, and which include at least one exogenous gene overexpressing an enzyme in that pathway, further contain an exogenous transhydrogenase gene.

The present invention provides a class of new mutant proteins for increasing malic acid yield. Specifically, the present invention provides a class of new pyruvate carboxylase mutant protein and malic acid transporter mutant proteins or combinations thereof, a preparation method therefor and use thereof in improving malic acid yield.

Disclosed are a mutant of a pyruvate carboxylase gene promoter of Corynebacterium glutamicum and applications thereof. The mutant has improved promoter activity compared with a wild-type promoter, and can be used for enhancing expression of a target gene, for example, operably ligating the mutant to a pyruvate carboxylase gene enhances the expression intensity of the pyruvate carboxylase, thereby improving the production efficiency of amino acids of the strain.