The present invention discloses additive for reducing the roasting temperature of fluxed magnetite pellets and a method of using it, consisting of components: B.sub.2O.sub.3, Mn.sub.2O.sub.3, the B.sub.2O.sub.3 and Mn.sub.2O.sub.3 are pure chemical reagents, the mass of the additive is 0.8%, 4% of the dry basis mass of the magnetite concentrate, respectively, the magnetite concentrate, bentonite clay, calcium flux and additives will be dosed with 12-14% water of the dry base mass ratio of the mixture, prepared into green pellets of 10-12.5 mm in diameter in a disc ball making machine. After the pellets are completely dried, preheat them for 15˜20 min at 600˜1000 ° C. to ensure that Mn.sub.2O.sub.3 is fully decomposed, then roasting is carried out for 15 min at 1200 ° C., and after roasting, the pellets are cooled to room temperature to obtain the finished pellets.

The present invention discloses additive for reducing the roasting temperature of fluxed magnetite pellets and a method of using it, consisting of components: B.sub.2O.sub.3, Mn.sub.2O.sub.3, the B.sub.2O.sub.3 and Mn.sub.2O.sub.3 are pure chemical reagents, the mass of the additive is 0.8%, 4% of the dry basis mass of the magnetite concentrate, respectively, the magnetite concentrate, bentonite clay, calcium flux and additives will be dosed with 12-14% water of the dry base mass ratio of the mixture, prepared into green pellets of 10-12.5 mm in diameter in a disc ball making machine. After the pellets are completely dried, preheat them for 15˜20 min at 600˜1000 ° C. to ensure that Mn.sub.2O.sub.3 is fully decomposed, then roasting is carried out for 15 min at 1200 ° C., and after roasting, the pellets are cooled to room temperature to obtain the finished pellets.

A method for producing copper metal from copper concentrates without generating waste by: (a) oxidizing copper concentrate; (b) cleaning and cooling the gases; (c) feeding to a reduction reactor; (d) cleaning the gases; (e) discharging hot powders and calcines into water; (f) performing magnetic separation; (g) thickening and filtering the magnetic fraction; (h) floating silica and inert materials; (i) thickening and filtering the silica and inert materials; (j) thickening and filtering the final concentrate containing the copper metal and noble metals; (k) smelting the final concentrate of copper and noble metals; and (l) recirculating ground smelt slag to a roasting reactor.

A method for producing copper metal from copper concentrates without generating waste by: (a) oxidizing copper concentrate; (b) cleaning and cooling the gases; (c) feeding to a reduction reactor; (d) cleaning the gases; (e) discharging hot powders and calcines into water; (f) performing magnetic separation; (g) thickening and filtering the magnetic fraction; (h) floating silica and inert materials; (i) thickening and filtering the silica and inert materials; (j) thickening and filtering the final concentrate containing the copper metal and noble metals; (k) smelting the final concentrate of copper and noble metals; and (l) recirculating ground smelt slag to a roasting reactor.

The invention relates to a method for fitting or retrofitting a sinter cooler (1), which sinter cooler (1) comprises a cooler grate chain with an endless chain of cooler cars (2). In order to provide means for increasing the effectiveness of the sinter cooler, the invention provides that the method for fitting comprises, for at least one cooler car (2), installing a lamella grate (10) for holding sinter material and allowing air flow through the grate so that a support structure (13) is connected to the cooler car (2) and a plurality of lamellae (12) are supported by and individually movable with respect to the support structure (13), and are disposed to allow air flow between neighbouring lamellae (12). The support structure (13) comprises at least one support element (14) disposed underneath the plurality of lamellae (12) to support the plurality of lamellae (12), and at least one downholder (15) that is adapted to limit an upward motion of at least one lamella (12) is installed such that at least a portion of the downholder (15) is disposed above the at least one lamella (12). In case of retrofitting a sinter cooler (1) comprising a rigid grate (5) for holding sinter material, the method for retrofitting further comprises removing the rigid grate (5) before installing the lamella grate (10).

The invention relates to a method for fitting or retrofitting a sinter cooler (1), which sinter cooler (1) comprises a cooler grate chain with an endless chain of cooler cars (2). In order to provide means for increasing the effectiveness of the sinter cooler, the invention provides that the method for fitting comprises, for at least one cooler car (2), installing a lamella grate (10) for holding sinter material and allowing air flow through the grate so that a support structure (13) is connected to the cooler car (2) and a plurality of lamellae (12) are supported by and individually movable with respect to the support structure (13), and are disposed to allow air flow between neighbouring lamellae (12). The support structure (13) comprises at least one support element (14) disposed underneath the plurality of lamellae (12) to support the plurality of lamellae (12), and at least one downholder (15) that is adapted to limit an upward motion of at least one lamella (12) is installed such that at least a portion of the downholder (15) is disposed above the at least one lamella (12). In case of retrofitting a sinter cooler (1) comprising a rigid grate (5) for holding sinter material, the method for retrofitting further comprises removing the rigid grate (5) before installing the lamella grate (10).

A cooling apparatus of hot briquetted iron is proposed. The cooling apparatus includes a cylindrical rotary body rotating while being inclined such that an outlet section through which cooled hot briquetted iron is discharged faces upwards, and including a water-level control plate formed under a hot-briquetted-iron charging section to retain a predetermined coolant; a blade formed along an inner circumferential surface of the rotary body to guide the hot briquetted iron introduced therein towards the outlet section; and a coolant spray module including a plurality of spray nozzles that differentially control an amount of the coolant sprayed inwards from the outlet section. The hot briquetted iron is primarily cooled by retained coolant, is guided by the blade, and is secondarily cooled by the coolant spray nozzles, thus maximizing cooling efficiency of the hot briquetted iron during a cooling process and thereby minimizing coolant consumption.

A method of extracting lithium from a lithium-bearing material including:

(i) mixing the lithium-bearing material, gypsum, a sulfur-containing material, and a calcium-containing material and forming a feed mixture having a moisture content of at least 20 wt %;

(ii) drying the feed mixture to form a dried mixture having a moisture content of less than 20 wt %;

(iii)roasting the dried mixture and forming a roasted mixture including a water-soluble lithium compound; and

(iv) leaching lithium from the water-soluble lithium compound and forming a lithium-containing leachate by mixing the aqueous solution and the water-soluble lithium compound.

This invention relates to a device for inhibiting particulate emission by cooling of displaceable hot products using a conveyor comprising a first plurality of tubular elements configured to release a first dosage of water over the products, a second plurality of tubular elements configured to release a second dosage of water over the products and wherein the first dosage released by the first plurality of tubular elements is greater than the second dosage released by the second plurality of tubular elements. This invention also relates to a process for inhibiting particulate emission by cooling displaceable hot products using a conveyor.

This invention relates to a device for inhibiting particulate emission by cooling of displaceable hot products using a conveyor comprising a first plurality of tubular elements configured to release a first dosage of water over the products, a second plurality of tubular elements configured to release a second dosage of water over the products and wherein the first dosage released by the first plurality of tubular elements is greater than the second dosage released by the second plurality of tubular elements. This invention also relates to a process for inhibiting particulate emission by cooling displaceable hot products using a conveyor.