A method of leaching copper from a heap of ore which includes an ore agglomeration step, an ore stacking step wherein agglomerated ore is stacked to form a heap, a curing step, a leach step, and a rinse step, wherein, during the ore agglomeration step the ore is contacted with an acidified solution, nitrates or nitrites, and chloride, to create an oxidative environment prior to the leach step.

Solutions and methods for leaching coinage metals. For example, Solutions and methods for leaching copper and/or silver from a substance comprising copper and/or silver (such as a coinage metal-concentrate, or electronic waste) using a water-miscible stabilizer in combination with leaching reagents to form leach solutions.

Provided is a method for separating copper, nickel, and cobalt, the method being capable of efficiently and selectively separating copper, nickel, and cobalt from alloys containing copper, nickel, and cobalt, such as highly corrosive alloys containing copper, nickel, and cobalt obtained by dry-processing used lithium ion batteries. The alloy containing copper, nickel, and cobalt is brought into contact with nitric acid in the co-presence of a sulfiding agent to obtain a solid containing copper and a leachate containing nickel and cobalt.

A method for separating zirconium oxide/hafnium oxide by pyrometallurgy. The mixture of zirconium oxide/hafnium oxide, carbon and pure bromine react one hour at 650? C., then added to molten salt mixture for rectifying separation, and then maintained two hours at rectifying tower bottom below 357? C., to get the non-target substance; and then maintained five hours at 357? C. to collect the target substance zirconium tetrabromide; the residue in the reactor is retained, then rectification separation is performed in the same device, heated to 400? C. to retain more than five hours, to get hafnium tetrabromide, then the zirconium tetrabromide and hafnium tetrabromide are substituted by magnesium to get the pure zirconium and pure hafnium.

A method for extracting and separating at least one component from a LED, the LED including at least one metal, at least one phosphor and at least one layer including polydimethylsiloxane. Also, an LED having at least one layer including polydimethylsiloxane, wherein the at least one layer comprising polydimethylsiloxane is depolymerized by the action of a solution including a solvent and a fluorine salt.

This invention relates to a process for preparing a ferric nitrate (Fe(NO.sub.3).sub.3) reagent, capable of serving as a solvent and copper species oxidizing agent in the ore curing, heap leaching, and/or run of mine (ROM) leaching of a copper ore hydrometallurgical process located at a brown field or green field, from an aqueous copper raffinate solution from the copper ore hydrometallurgical process of copper ore containing iron (II) (Fe.sup.2+), and the reagent prepared pursuant to this process.

Disclosed are methods for leaching a material comprising copper in a zero oxidation state, wherein the method comprises contacting the material with an acidic aqueous solution having a pH less than 6 to form a leaching mixture, and oxidizing the copper with an oxidizing agent of formula Li.sub.pM.sub.qM.sub.rO.sub.s. M comprises one or more metals chosen from nickel, manganese, and cobalt, M comprises one or more metals chosen from Mg, Ca, Ba, Al, Ti, Zr, Zn, Fe, V, Mo, and W; p ranges from 1 to 1.4; q ranges from 0.6 to 2; r ranges from 0 to 1; s ranges from 2 to 4; and a total amount of copper present in the material before leaching in moles divided by a total amount of the oxidizing agent in moles, mols(Cu)/moIs(OA), ranges from n(.sup.eM)/8 to 2 n(.sup.eM); n(.sup.eM)_=2(s-q)-p-r.sup.oxm and Ox.sub.M is the average oxidation number of M determined by calculating the molar average of the most stable oxidation number for each metal, as an oxide, comprised by M.

A method of leaching copper from a heap of ore which includes an ore agglomeration step, an ore stacking step wherein agglomerated ore is stacked to form a heap, a curing step, a leach step, and a rinse step, wherein, during the ore agglomeration step the ore is contacted with an acidified solution, nitrates or nitrites, and chloride, to create an oxidative environment prior to the leach step.

A method of leaching copper from a porphyry copper ore body within a subsurface volume of rock can include forming an injection well in the ore body and stimulating the injection well in a hybrid stimulation phase including a first hydraulic fracturing phase at an injection rate and pressure exceeding Sh.sub.min to form hydraulic fractures that intersect with a first set of natural fractures; a first hydroshearing phase holding the injection rate until hydraulic fracture growth is allowed to arrest; mapping the first set of natural fractures using a micro-seismic array to form a stimulated natural fracture map; and emplacing a proppant in the fractures. A production well can be drilled into the stimulated propped fractures, and the production well can be stimulated in a second hydroshearing phase to stimulate a portion of the first set of natural fractures intersecting with the production well.