A metal purifying method having: a local heating step of heating an aluminum-based molten metal in a first region on a molten metal surface of the aluminum-based molten metal; and a local low pressure step of lowering the pressure in a second region on the molten metal surface to a pressure lower than the pressure in the first region. The second region is different from the first region. This allows a specific element to be vaporized from the second region to purify the aluminum-based molten metal. The specific element is one or more of Zn, Mg, or Pb having a saturated vapor pressure higher than that of Al. This is effective not only in a purifying method for removing a specific element from an aluminum-based molten metal but also in a method of recovering a specific element, which can be a resource, from an aluminum-based molten metal.

A control system includes a vision system including an imaging device and a VAR monitoring system configured to determine a power adjustment phase of the VAR process based on the images from the vision system and a process parameter. The VAR monitoring system includes a vision analysis module configured to analyze the images from the vision system to detect a melt marker based on a remelt image process model, and a prediction module configured to predict an operational characteristic of the VAR process that is associated with the power adjustment relative to a melt marker location and a remelt prediction model. The VAR monitoring system is configured to initiate the power adjustment phase in response to the melt marker satisfying a predetermined melt marker condition, the operational characteristic of the VAR process satisfying a predetermined operational condition, or a combination thereof.

A control system includes a vision system including an imaging device and a VAR monitoring system configured to determine a power adjustment phase of the VAR process based on the images from the vision system and a process parameter. The VAR monitoring system includes a vision analysis module configured to analyze the images from the vision system to detect a melt marker based on a remelt image process model, and a prediction module configured to predict an operational characteristic of the VAR process that is associated with the power adjustment relative to a melt marker location and a remelt prediction model. The VAR monitoring system is configured to initiate the power adjustment phase in response to the melt marker satisfying a predetermined melt marker condition, the operational characteristic of the VAR process satisfying a predetermined operational condition, or a combination thereof.

A method for recycling a scrap material includes providing a sample having one or more components having a respective melting temperature, and heating the sample to a first melting point corresponding to a first component to form a molten first component, and separating the molten first component from the sample. A system for recycling scrap materials includes a housing component for a sample containing one or more components to be heated, and subsequently melted and separated. The system may include a microwave plasma source, and at least one collection mechanism corresponding to each separated molten component.

A device for producing a target material from starting material comprises a chamber, at least one trough, at least a first heating element being configured to heat the chamber such that starting material is vaporized, and at least one collecting vessel being configured to receive a condensate that will constitute the target material. The device optionally comprises at least a first source of negative pressure or at least a first supply device being in connection with the chamber being configured to evacuate the chamber or to supply an inert gas to the chamber. The device further comprises at least one condensation device, wherein said condensation device is configured to condensate the vaporized starting material, whereby the condensate is formed, and/or at least a first gate device being in connection with the chamber such, that the starting material is introducible into the chamber via said first gate device.

A device for producing a target material from starting material comprises a chamber, at least one trough, at least a first heating element being configured to heat the chamber such that starting material is vaporized, and at least one collecting vessel being configured to receive a condensate that will constitute the target material. The device optionally comprises at least a first source of negative pressure or at least a first supply device being in connection with the chamber being configured to evacuate the chamber or to supply an inert gas to the chamber. The device further comprises at least one condensation device, wherein said condensation device is configured to condensate the vaporized starting material, whereby the condensate is formed, and/or at least a first gate device being in connection with the chamber such, that the starting material is introducible into the chamber via said first gate device.

The invention relates to a wear-resistant steel with excellent surface quality, which is composed of C: 0.12-0.20%, Si: ≤0.1%, Mn: 0.6-1.20%, Nb: 0.010-0.040%, V: ≤0.01%, Ti: 0.010%-0.030, Al: ≤0.04%, Ni: ≤0.1%, Cu: ≤0.1%, Cr: 0.10-0.40%, Mo: ≤0.1%, B: 0.001-0.005%, Ca: 0.0010-0.0050%, P: ≤0.010%, S: ≤0.0015%, O: ≤0.0012%, N: ≤0.0035%, H: ≤0.0002%, the balance is Fe, and the carbon equivalent CEV≤0.4; PCM≤0.25. The production process flow is: converter smelting->LF refining->VD or Rh high vacuum degassing->continuous casting->heating->rolling->shot blasting->quenching->tempering. The wear-resistant steel of the invention has better surface quality, and there are no surface defects such as air pit, inclusion, hemp pit and pressed iron oxide scale. The depth of surface spots caused by the peeling off iron oxide scale is ≤0.1 mm, and the surface grinding of steel plate cannot be carried out. Based on element design, non-preheating welding and excellent toughness can be further realized.

The invention relates to a wear-resistant steel with excellent surface quality, which is composed of C: 0.12-0.20%, Si: ≤0.1%, Mn: 0.6-1.20%, Nb: 0.010-0.040%, V: ≤0.01%, Ti: 0.010%-0.030, Al: ≤0.04%, Ni: ≤0.1%, Cu: ≤0.1%, Cr: 0.10-0.40%, Mo: ≤0.1%, B: 0.001-0.005%, Ca: 0.0010-0.0050%, P: ≤0.010%, S: ≤0.0015%, O: ≤0.0012%, N: ≤0.0035%, H: ≤0.0002%, the balance is Fe, and the carbon equivalent CEV≤0.4; PCM≤0.25. The production process flow is: converter smelting->LF refining->VD or Rh high vacuum degassing->continuous casting->heating->rolling->shot blasting->quenching->tempering. The wear-resistant steel of the invention has better surface quality, and there are no surface defects such as air pit, inclusion, hemp pit and pressed iron oxide scale. The depth of surface spots caused by the peeling off iron oxide scale is ≤0.1 mm, and the surface grinding of steel plate cannot be carried out. Based on element design, non-preheating welding and excellent toughness can be further realized.

A multicomponent FeCoSiM soft magnetic alloy is provided. M of the alloy is one or more of V, Cr and Ni. A sum of atomic percentages of alloy elements in the alloy is 100%. The atomic percents of the alloy elements meet the following conditions: Fe, 68˜78 at %; Co, 4˜12 at %; Si, 14˜18 at %; V, 0˜4 at %; Cr, 0˜4 at %; and Ni, 0˜4 at %. The preparation method of the alloy includes weighing raw materials according to the atomic percentages of the alloy elements and then performing melting and annealing heat treatment each in vacuum or a protective atmosphere. The alloy is obtained by a reasonable design of compositions and contents. A magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant of the alloy is low, a magnetostrictive coefficient of the alloy approaches zero and the alloy has characteristics of high saturation flux density and low coercivity.

Provided are a method and apparatus for refining titanium scraps and sponge titanium, which can remove oxygen from a melt by supplying a deoxidizing gas to the surface of the melt in order to refine titanium scraps and sponge titanium. The method for refining titanium scraps and sponge titanium comprises supplying hydrogen ions and electrons in plasma to a titanium melt to remove oxygen from the titanium melt surface having an oxide layer formed thereon. In addition, the apparatus comprises: a vacuum chamber; a crucible located in the vacuum chamber and configured to perform melting by the magnetic field of an induction coil in a state in which a melt and the inner wall of the crucible; a calcium gas supply means configured to supply calcium gas from the bottom of the crucible to the space between the inner wall of the crucible and the melt.