A coated stainless-steel substrate including a coating including nanographites and a binder being sodium silicate, wherein the stainless-steel substrate has the following composition in weight percent: C≤1.2%, Cr≥11.0%, Ni≥8.0% and on a purely optional basis, one or more elements such as Nb≤6.0%, B≤1.0%, Ti≤3.0%, Cu≤5.0%, Co≤3.0%, N≤1.0%, V≤3.0%, Si≤4.0%, Mn≤5.0%, P≤0.5%, S≤0.5%, Mo≤6.0%, Ce≤1.0%, the remainder of the composition being made of iron and inevitable impurities resulting from the elaboration. A method for the manufacture of this coated stainless-steel substrate is also provided.

A roller for deflecting or guiding a metal strip to be coated in a metal melt bath may include bearing journals disposed coaxially with one another for rotationally supporting the roller. To obtain a high coating quality while hot-dip coating the metal strip, in particular steel strip, and to increase the service life of such a roller, each bearing journal may comprise a plurality of axially spaced annular elevations that have or are formed from a plain-bearing coating. The roller may comprise a steel roller shell, and each bearing journal may include a substantially cylindrical or circular-disk-shaped connecting steel portion that extends radially in the direction of the roller shell. At least one of the connecting portions may comprise a passage opening at an end face of the roller shell. The passage may be closed by means of a gas-permeable plug element comprised of ceramic material.”

A system and method for affecting the crossbow in a metal sheet in continuous coating process. The system comprises strip distance sensors for determining distances to the metal sheet. A controller is configured to adjust the position of the correcting roll, based on the strip distances, to affect the crossbow in the sheet to help control the thickness of the coating on the sheet. The system may comprise a crossbow model to help determine the new correcting roll position. The distances determined by the strip distance sensors may be also be used to adjust the position of the air knives.

Apparatus and methods are described, including identifying an arrival of a first arriving S-wave emitted from a seismic source at an array (120) of sensors (129, 140) in real-time, by continuously analyzing waveforms received by the sensors (120, 140), and continuously monitoring back-azimuth and slowness data within the detected waveforms. Arrival of a first arriving P-wave emitted from the seismic source at the array (120) of sensors (129, 140) is identified, based upon the back-azimuth and slowness data. Slowness and back azimuth of the first arriving P-wave are determined, by analyzing a waveform of the P-wave, and based upon the determined slowness of the first arriving P-wave, the arrival of the first arriving S-wave at the array (120) of sensors (129, 140) is identified. Other applications are also described.

A roller may be used to deflect or guide a metal strip to be coated in a metal melt bath. The roller may comprise a steel roller shell and steel bearing journals that are connected to the roller shell and arranged coaxially to each other for a rotary supporting of the roller. Disposed on each bearing journal may be a substantially cylindrical or circular disk-shaped connection portion that is made of steel and that extends radially in a direction of the roller shell. At least one of the connection portions may have at least one through opening that emerges at an end face of the roller shell. Further, a filling made of one or more filling elements that have at least one closed cavity may be arranged in the roller shell. The filling may have a structure that is symmetrical about an axis of rotation of the roller.

A roller for deflecting or guiding a metal strip to be coated in a metal melt bath may include bearing journals disposed coaxially with one another for rotationally supporting the roller. To obtain a high coating quality while hot-dip coating the metal strip, in particular steel strip, and to increase the service life of such a roller, each bearing journal may comprise a plurality of axially spaced annular elevations that have or are formed from a plain-bearing coating. The roller may comprise a steel roller shell, and each bearing journal may include a substantially cylindrical or circular-disk-shaped connecting steel portion that extends radially in the direction of the roller shell. At least one of the connecting portions may comprise a passage opening at an end face of the roller shell. The passage may be closed by means of a gas-permeable plug element comprised of ceramic material.

A method for coating a web with a metal layer includes heating a metal in a container to create molten metal. The metal is selected from a group consisting of lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), indium (In), tin (Sn), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb). The method includes coating at least one surface of a web with a metal layer using the molten metal. The web is made of a material selected from a group consisting of copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), stainless steel, polymer, and carbon.

A production method for molten-aluminum-plated steel wire, the production method being characterized in that a steel wire (2) immersion part (6) at which the steel wire (2) is to be immersed in a molten aluminum plating bath (1) is immersed in the molten aluminum plating bath (1) after the steel wire (2) has been passed into a steel wire introduction device (7) while an immersion region (9a) thereof has been immersed in the molten aluminum plating bath (1). The steel wire introduction device (7) comprises a tube-shaped body (9), which has a total length of 10 to 1000 mm and has a through hole (8) that is for passing the steel wire (2) through the inside thereof, and includes the immersion region (9a), which is for immersion in the molten aluminum plating bath (1) to a length of 2 mm to 400 mm from an end part of one end of the tube-shaped body (9) along the long direction of the tube-shaped body (9). The ratio of the area of the opening of the through hole (8) and the area of a horizontal cross-section of the steel wire (2) (the area of the opening of the through-hole (8) of the tube-shaped body (9)/the area of the horizontal cross-section of the steel wire (2)) is 3 to 4000.

A roller may be used to deflect or guide a metal strip to be coated in a metal melt bath. The roller may comprise a steel roller shell and steel bearing journals that are connected to the roller shell and arranged coaxially to each other for a rotary supporting of the roller. Disposed on each bearing journal may be a substantially cylindrical or circular disk-shaped connection portion that is made of steel and that extends radially in a direction of the roller shell. At least one of the connection portions may have at least one through opening that emerges at an end face of the roller shell. Further, a filling made of one or more filling elements that have at least one closed cavity may be arranged in the roller shell. The filling may have a structure that is symmetrical about an axis of rotation of the roller.

A system and method for affecting the crossbow in a metal sheet in continuous coating process. The system comprises strip distance sensors for determining distances to the metal sheet. A controller is configured to adjust the position of the correcting roll, based on the strip distances, to affect the crossbow in the sheet to help control the thickness of the coating on the sheet. The system may comprise a crossbow model to help determine the new correcting roll position. The distances determined by the strip distance sensors may be also be used to adjust the position of the air knives.