Disclosed is a carbon dioxide utilization system capable of recharging and undergoing reactions. The system includes a cathode unit provided with a first aqueous solution accommodated in a first accommodation space, and a cathode at least a part of which is submerged in the first aqueous solution; an anode unit provided with an alkaline second aqueous solution accommodated in a second accommodation space, and a metal anode at least a part of which is submerged in the second aqueous solution; and a connection unit provided with a connection channel connecting the first and second accommodation spaces in open communication, and a porous ion transfer member, disposed in the connection channel, for blocking the movement of the first and second aqueous solutions but allowing the movement of ions.

The present invention concerns a method for modifying the properties of the surface (F) of a material. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a first layer (12; 12) comprising an electrically conductive material suited to serve the function of a cathode, a second layer (14) comprising an electrically conductive material suited to serve the function of an anode and an intermediate layer (16) suited to become impregnated with an electrolyte in the liquid phase or to regulate its flow between said cathode and said anode; associating an electrolyte in the liquid phase with one or more of said layers (12, 14, 16); positioning the anode or the cathode on the surface (F) to be treated; supplying power to the cathode and the anode in order to activate the electrochemical process of the electrolyte in the liquid phase for a predetermined time interval.

The present invention concerns a method for modifying the properties of the surface (F) of a material. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a first layer (12; 12) comprising an electrically conductive material suited to serve the function of a cathode, a second layer (14) comprising an electrically conductive material suited to serve the function of an anode and an intermediate layer (16) suited to become impregnated with an electrolyte in the liquid phase or to regulate its flow between said cathode and said anode; associating an electrolyte in the liquid phase with one or more of said layers (12, 14, 16); positioning the anode or the cathode on the surface (F) to be treated; supplying power to the cathode and the anode in order to activate the electrochemical process of the electrolyte in the liquid phase for a predetermined time interval.

[Problem] To provide a stacked structure including electrodes that can effectively prevent misalignment between units. [Solution] A stacked structure 2 including electrodes 232, 332, 412, 233, 333, 422, wherein multiple units 23, 33, 24, 41, 42 including flat units are stacked and fastened by fasteners 25, the respective units 23, 33, 24, 41, 42 comprising frame-shaped fastening portions 237a, 237b, 337a, 337b, 247a, 247b, 417a, 417b, 427a, 427b on outer peripheral portions on both surfaces thereof, being stacked by the surfaces of the respective fastening portions 237a, 237b, 337a, 337b, 247a, 247b, 417a, 417b, 427a, 427b being pressed against each other, and being formed so that the width of fastening portions 247a, 247b, 337a, 337b, 427a, 427b on one unit is different from the width of fastening portions 237a, 237b, 417a, 417b on another unit.

An indoor gardening appliance includes a grow module positioned within a grow chamber for receiving one or more plant pods. The indoor gardening system includes a hydration and sanitization system that includes a water supply for providing a flow of water into a mixing tank that is periodically discharged through a discharge nozzle to hydrate and provide nutrients to plants. A sanitization assembly includes an electrolytic hypochlorous acid generator that is fluidly coupled to the mixing tank for selectively generating hypochlorous acid that helps sanitize plants within the grow chamber.

An indoor gardening appliance includes a grow module positioned within a grow chamber for receiving one or more plant pods. The indoor gardening system includes a hydration and sanitization system that includes a water supply for providing a flow of water into a mixing tank that is periodically discharged through a discharge nozzle to hydrate and provide nutrients to plants. A sanitization assembly includes an electrolytic hypochlorous acid generator that is fluidly coupled to the mixing tank for selectively generating hypochlorous acid that helps sanitize plants within the grow chamber.

It is provided a process for recycling lithium ion batteries comprising shredding the lithium-ion batteries and immersing residues in an organic solvent; feeding the shredded batteries residues in a dryer producing a gaseous organic phase and dried batteries residues; feeding the dried batteries residues to a magnetic separator removing magnetic particles; grinding the non-magnetic batteries residues; mixing the fine particles and an acid producing a metal oxides slurry and leaching said metal oxides slurry; filtering the leachate removing the non-leachable metals; feeding the leachate into a sulfide precipitation tank; neutralizing the leachate; mixing the leachate with an organic extraction solvent; separating cobalt and manganese from the leachate using solvent extraction and electrolysis; crystallizing sodium sulfate from the aqueous phase; adding sodium carbonate to the liquor and heating up the sodium carbonate and the liquor producing a precipitate of lithium carbonate; and drying and recuperating the lithium carbonate.

It is provided a process for recycling lithium ion batteries comprising shredding the lithium-ion batteries and immersing residues in an organic solvent; feeding the shredded batteries residues in a dryer producing a gaseous organic phase and dried batteries residues; feeding the dried batteries residues to a magnetic separator removing magnetic particles; grinding the non-magnetic batteries residues; mixing the fine particles and an acid producing a metal oxides slurry and leaching said metal oxides slurry; filtering the leachate removing the non-leachable metals; feeding the leachate into a sulfide precipitation tank; neutralizing the leachate; mixing the leachate with an organic extraction solvent; separating cobalt and manganese from the leachate using solvent extraction and electrolysis; crystallizing sodium sulfate from the aqueous phase; adding sodium carbonate to the liquor and heating up the sodium carbonate and the liquor producing a precipitate of lithium carbonate; and drying and recuperating the lithium carbonate.

One aspect of the present invention provides a method of treating ballast water, which includes: a first step of transporting a raw material from a first base to a second base where a vessel is configured to be anchored; a second step of inputting the raw material into an on-site treatment agent manufacturing facility located at the second base to manufacture a treatment agent; and a third step of supplying the treatment agent to the vessel anchored at the second base and treating ballast water using the treatment agent.

One aspect of the present invention provides a method of treating ballast water, which includes: a first step of transporting a raw material from a first base to a second base where a vessel is configured to be anchored; a second step of inputting the raw material into an on-site treatment agent manufacturing facility located at the second base to manufacture a treatment agent; and a third step of supplying the treatment agent to the vessel anchored at the second base and treating ballast water using the treatment agent.