The present invention concerns a method for modifying the properties of the surface (F) of a material. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a first layer (12; 12) comprising an electrically conductive material suited to serve the function of a cathode, a second layer (14) comprising an electrically conductive material suited to serve the function of an anode and an intermediate layer (16) suited to become impregnated with an electrolyte in the liquid phase or to regulate its flow between said cathode and said anode; associating an electrolyte in the liquid phase with one or more of said layers (12, 14, 16); positioning the anode or the cathode on the surface (F) to be treated; supplying power to the cathode and the anode in order to activate the electrochemical process of the electrolyte in the liquid phase for a predetermined time interval.

The present invention concerns a method for modifying the properties of the surface (F) of a material. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a first layer (12; 12) comprising an electrically conductive material suited to serve the function of a cathode, a second layer (14) comprising an electrically conductive material suited to serve the function of an anode and an intermediate layer (16) suited to become impregnated with an electrolyte in the liquid phase or to regulate its flow between said cathode and said anode; associating an electrolyte in the liquid phase with one or more of said layers (12, 14, 16); positioning the anode or the cathode on the surface (F) to be treated; supplying power to the cathode and the anode in order to activate the electrochemical process of the electrolyte in the liquid phase for a predetermined time interval.

An electrode for electrolytic fluorination contains nickel as a base material with a fluorine content<1,000 ppm. Preferably, in at least a surface portion thereof, the nickel content>99 mass %, the iron content≤400 ppm, the copper content<250 ppm, and the manganese content<1,000 ppm. A method for producing an electrode includes arranging a nickel base material electrode in a nickel plating bath as a cathode, and applying nickel plating to the nickel base material electrode by electrolytic nickel plating, the method including (1) using, as an anode, a nickel component deposited on a cathode, or a nickel component that has settled in a molten salt, in a process of producing nitrogen trifluoride by molten salt electrolysis using a nickel base material anode, or the nickel base material anode; or (2) using, as the cathode, the nickel base material anode.

An electrode for electrolytic fluorination contains nickel as a base material with a fluorine content<1,000 ppm. Preferably, in at least a surface portion thereof, the nickel content>99 mass %, the iron content≤400 ppm, the copper content<250 ppm, and the manganese content<1,000 ppm. A method for producing an electrode includes arranging a nickel base material electrode in a nickel plating bath as a cathode, and applying nickel plating to the nickel base material electrode by electrolytic nickel plating, the method including (1) using, as an anode, a nickel component deposited on a cathode, or a nickel component that has settled in a molten salt, in a process of producing nitrogen trifluoride by molten salt electrolysis using a nickel base material anode, or the nickel base material anode; or (2) using, as the cathode, the nickel base material anode.

The present invention provides a disinfectant composition, method for preparing a disinfectant composition, and methods of disinfecting of a surface or article using the disinfectant composition. These compositions are light stable, non-toxic, and non-corrosive, achieve a greater than 99% kill rate on a variety of pathogens and do not contain nanoparticles.

The present invention provides a disinfectant composition, method for preparing a disinfectant composition, and methods of disinfecting of a surface or article using the disinfectant composition. These compositions are light stable, non-toxic, and non-corrosive, achieve a greater than 99% kill rate on a variety of pathogens and do not contain nanoparticles.

An anode mounting member (16) of a fluorine electrolytic cell including: a plurality of stacked annular packings surrounding a sidewall of a cylindrical anode packing gland (14); a cylindrical exterior member (23) surrounding an outer periphery of the packings; and an annular fastening member (24) that fastens the plurality of packings and the exterior member (23) to the anode packing gland (14), wherein among the packings a first ceramic packing (17) is located at an end of the longitudinal direction on an electrolyte tank side, and a second resin packing (18) is adjacent to the first packing (17), central axes of the anode packing gland (14) and the exterior member (23) coincide, an inner diameter (17r) is 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm larger than an outer diameter (14R), and an outer diameter (17R) is 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm smaller than an inner diameter (23r).

An anode mounting member (16) of a fluorine electrolytic cell including: a plurality of stacked annular packings surrounding a sidewall of a cylindrical anode packing gland (14); a cylindrical exterior member (23) surrounding an outer periphery of the packings; and an annular fastening member (24) that fastens the plurality of packings and the exterior member (23) to the anode packing gland (14), wherein among the packings a first ceramic packing (17) is located at an end of the longitudinal direction on an electrolyte tank side, and a second resin packing (18) is adjacent to the first packing (17), central axes of the anode packing gland (14) and the exterior member (23) coincide, an inner diameter (17r) is 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm larger than an outer diameter (14R), and an outer diameter (17R) is 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm smaller than an inner diameter (23r).

The present invention provides a liquid disinfectant composition, method for preparing a liquid disinfectant composition, and methods of disinfecting of a surface or article using the liquid disinfectant composition. These liquid metal ion compositions are light stable, non-toxic, and non-corrosive, achieves a greater than 99% kill rate against a variety of pathogens for up to 60 days on a variety of surfaces, and do not contain nanoparticles.

A rechargeable electrolysis cell includes: an anode; a cathode; an electrical connection; and an electrolyte. The cathode has an inlet for an oxidizer. The reducing agent is a solvated metal ligand, a Birch electron, a solvated electron, metal salt, or a metallic plating on the cathode. The oxidizer is a halogen. A method of discharging the cell includes providing the reducing agent at the anode and delivering the oxidizer to the cathode and transferring an electron from the anode through an electrical load, oxidizing the reducing agent and reducing the oxidizer to produce a salt dissolved in the electrolyte. Charging the cell includes applying direct current to convert the salt to the reducing agent and the oxidizer and separating the reagents.