A method for obtaining a product by electrolysis, including: a) determining a set point for a production output by minimizing a first mathematical function, which depends on the production output and on a predicted product demand; b) determining respective set points for multiple process parameters by minimizing a second mathematical function, which depends on the set point for the production output determined in a), on the process parameters and on predicted degradation effects; c) determining respective set points for changes of multiple control parameters by minimizing a third mathematical function, which depends on the set points for the process parameters determined in b) and on the changes of the control parameters; and d) obtaining the product by performing the electrolysis using the set points for the changes of the control parameters determined in c).

The method for operating a water electrolysis device for generating hydrogen and oxygen from water has a PEM electrolyser (1), to which water for generating the hydrogen and the oxygen is supplied together with water for cooling. The cooling water is conducted in the circuit and treated by means of an ion exchanger unit (17). Only part of the water conducted in the circuit is supplied to the ion exchanger unit (17) and another part is supplied to the PEM electrolyser (1) via a bypass (13) circumventing the ion exchanger unit (17).

The method for operating a water electrolysis device for generating hydrogen and oxygen from water has a PEM electrolyser (1), to which water for generating the hydrogen and the oxygen is supplied together with water for cooling. The cooling water is conducted in the circuit and treated by means of an ion exchanger unit (17). Only part of the water conducted in the circuit is supplied to the ion exchanger unit (17) and another part is supplied to the PEM electrolyser (1) via a bypass (13) circumventing the ion exchanger unit (17).

This invention is directed to a method of oxygenating hydrocarbons with molecular oxygen, O.sub.2, as oxidant under electrochemical reducing conditions, using polyoxometalate compounds containing copper such as Q.sub.10[Cu.sub.4(H.sub.2O).sub.2(B-α-PW.sub.9O.sub.34).sub.2] or Q.sub.13{[Cu(H.sub.2O)].sub.3[(A-α-PW.sub.9O.sub.34).sub.2(NO.sub.3).sup.−]} or solvates thereof as catalysts, wherein Q are each independently selected from alkali metal cations, alkaline earth metal cations, transition metal cations, NH.sub.4.sup.+, H.sup.+ or any combination thereof.

This invention is directed to a method of oxygenating hydrocarbons with molecular oxygen, O.sub.2, as oxidant under electrochemical reducing conditions, using polyoxometalate compounds containing copper such as Q.sub.10[Cu.sub.4(H.sub.2O).sub.2(B-α-PW.sub.9O.sub.34).sub.2] or Q.sub.13{[Cu(H.sub.2O)].sub.3[(A-α-PW.sub.9O.sub.34).sub.2(NO.sub.3).sup.−]} or solvates thereof as catalysts, wherein Q are each independently selected from alkali metal cations, alkaline earth metal cations, transition metal cations, NH.sub.4.sup.+, H.sup.+ or any combination thereof.

A solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC) system including a stack of electrolyzer cells configured to receive water or steam in combination with hydrogen, and a steam recycle outlet configured to recycle a portion of the water or steam

A solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC) system including a stack of electrolyzer cells configured to receive water or steam in combination with hydrogen, and a steam recycle outlet configured to recycle a portion of the water or steam

One aspect of the present invention provides a sodium hypochlorite producing system, which includes: a first means configured to obtain saturated salt water and purified water; a second means including a anode chamber and a cathode chamber which are partitioned by a separator, the anode chamber allowing the saturated salt water to be converted into a anodic product including chlorine gas and anodic water, and the cathode chamber allowing the purified water to be converted into a cathodic product including sodium hydroxide, hydrogen gas, and hydroxide ions (OH.sup.−); a third means configured to react the anodic product and the cathodic product to produce a mixture including sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen gas; and a fourth means configured to prevent the sodium hydroxide or hydroxide ions (OH.sup.−) of the cathodic product or a combination thereof from moving to the anode chamber through the separator.

One aspect of the present invention provides a sodium hypochlorite producing system, which includes: a first means configured to obtain saturated salt water and purified water; a second means including a anode chamber and a cathode chamber which are partitioned by a separator, the anode chamber allowing the saturated salt water to be converted into a anodic product including chlorine gas and anodic water, and the cathode chamber allowing the purified water to be converted into a cathodic product including sodium hydroxide, hydrogen gas, and hydroxide ions (OH.sup.−); a third means configured to react the anodic product and the cathodic product to produce a mixture including sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen gas; and a fourth means configured to prevent the sodium hydroxide or hydroxide ions (OH.sup.−) of the cathodic product or a combination thereof from moving to the anode chamber through the separator.

A solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC) system including a stack of electrolyzer cells configured to receive water or steam in combination with hydrogen, and a steam recycle outlet configured to recycle a portion of the water or steam