The purpose of the present invention is to provide a zinc-nickel-silica composite plating bath that has been improved in terms of: covering power for articles having a complex shape; and corrosion resistance of a low current density portion where the film thickness is small. The present invention pertains to a zinc-nickel-silica composite plating bath, the plating bath having a pH of 3.5 to 6.9, and containing zinc ions, nickel ions, colloidal silica, and chloride ions. The colloidal silica is a cationic colloidal silica having on the surface thereon at least one species of metal cation selected from the group consisting of trivalent to heptavalent metal cations.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a zinc-nickel-silica composite plating bath that has been improved in terms of: covering power for articles having a complex shape; and corrosion resistance of a low current density portion where the film thickness is small. The present invention pertains to a zinc-nickel-silica composite plating bath, the plating bath having a pH of 3.5 to 6.9, and containing zinc ions, nickel ions, colloidal silica, and chloride ions. The colloidal silica is a cationic colloidal silica having on the surface thereon at least one species of metal cation selected from the group consisting of trivalent to heptavalent metal cations.

A method for generating hydrogen and making graphenic carbon particles is disclosed comprising introducing an inert carrier gas and a hydrocarbon precursor material comprising a material capable of forming a two-carbon-fragment species and/or methane into a thermal zone, heating the hydrocarbon precursor material in the thermal zone to decompose the hydrocarbon precursor material and form the hydrogen and the graphenic carbon particles, and contacting the gaseous stream with a quench stream. Graphenic carbon particles having an average aspect ratio greater than 3:1, a B.E.T. specific surface area of from 70 to 1000 square meters per gram, and a Raman spectroscopy 2D/G peak ratio of at least 1:1.

A method for generating hydrogen and making graphenic carbon particles is disclosed comprising introducing an inert carrier gas and a hydrocarbon precursor material comprising a material capable of forming a two-carbon-fragment species and/or methane into a thermal zone, heating the hydrocarbon precursor material in the thermal zone to decompose the hydrocarbon precursor material and form the hydrogen and the graphenic carbon particles, and contacting the gaseous stream with a quench stream. Graphenic carbon particles having an average aspect ratio greater than 3:1, a B.E.T. specific surface area of from 70 to 1000 square meters per gram, and a Raman spectroscopy 2D/G peak ratio of at least 1:1.

Disclosed herein is an electrolyte comprising OH.sup.− and a hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst, an oxygen evolution electrocatalyst, a bifunctional hydrogen/oxygen evolution electrocatalyst, or any combination thereof for use in in situ deposition or utilization.

The present disclosure relates to a method of electroplating of a silver-graphene composite onto a substrate. The method comprises preparing a plating bath comprising: a dissolved water soluble silver salt, dispersed graphene flakes, and an aqueous electrolyte comprising a silver complexing agent, a cationic surfactant, and a pH adjusting compound. The zeta potential of the graphene-electrolyte interface in the plating bath is adjusted to be positive and within the range of 10-30 mV by means of the cationic surfactant and the pH adjusting compound. The method also comprises applying a negative electric potential on the substrate surface such that electrophoresis of the graphene flakes occurs and said flakes are co-deposited with the silver during electroplating thereof to form a silver-graphene composite coating on the substrate surface.

The present disclosure relates to a method of electroplating of a silver-graphene composite onto a substrate. The method comprises preparing a plating bath comprising: a dissolved water soluble silver salt, dispersed graphene flakes, and an aqueous electrolyte comprising a silver complexing agent, a cationic surfactant, and a pH adjusting compound. The zeta potential of the graphene-electrolyte interface in the plating bath is adjusted to be positive and within the range of 10-30 mV by means of the cationic surfactant and the pH adjusting compound. The method also comprises applying a negative electric potential on the substrate surface such that electrophoresis of the graphene flakes occurs and said flakes are co-deposited with the silver during electroplating thereof to form a silver-graphene composite coating on the substrate surface.

The present invention relates to a method for coating a component, wherein the component has a first and a second surface, and wherein the first and the second surface adjoin each other at an edge, in which method i) first of all, the edge between the first and the second surface is rounded, and ii) subsequently, a coating is applied to the first surface.

A method of painting a vehicle component includes charging the vehicle component. The charge of the vehicle component in an area to be painted is selectively changed. Paint is applied to the vehicle component. The vehicle component is heated to fuse the paint to the vehicle component.

A method of painting a vehicle component includes charging the vehicle component. The charge of the vehicle component in an area to be painted is selectively changed. Paint is applied to the vehicle component. The vehicle component is heated to fuse the paint to the vehicle component.