An electrolytic copper foil includes a raw foil layer having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. In the X-ray diffraction spectrum of the first surface, a ratio of the diffraction peak intensity I(200) of the (200) crystal face of the first surface relative to the diffraction peak intensity I(111) of the (111) crystal face of the first surface is between 0.5 and 2.0. In the X-ray diffraction spectrum of the second surface, a ratio of the diffraction peak intensity I(200) of the (200) crystal face of the second surface relative to the diffraction peak intensity I(111) of the (111) crystal face of the second surface is also between 0.5 and 2.0. A method for producing the electrolytic copper foil, and a lithium ion secondary battery is also provided.

A lithium ion secondary battery is provided. The lithium ion secondary battery includes an electrolytic tank having an accommodating space, a positive electrode disposed in the accommodating space, a negative electrode disposed in the accommodating space and spaced apart from the positive electrode, and an isolation film disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. In the X-ray diffraction spectrum of a first surface of the electrolytic copper foil, a ratio of the diffraction peak intensity I(200) of the (200) crystal face of the first surface relative to the diffraction peak intensity I(111) of the (111) crystal face of the first surface is between 0.5 and 2.0. A ratio of the diffraction peak intensity I(200) of the (200) crystal face of a second surface relative to the diffraction peak intensity I(111) of the (111) crystal face of the second surface is between 0.5 and 2.0.

This electrolytic solution contains magnesium chloride, lithium chloride, and an aprotic solvent. In the electrolytic solution, the concentration at which the total of magnesium chloride and lithium chloride are dissolved with respect to 1 mol of an aprotic solvent is 0.09 mol or more. In addition, in the electrolytic solution, the concentration at which magnesium chloride is dissolved with respect to 1 mol of the aprotic solvent is 0.045 mol or more.

This electrolytic solution contains magnesium chloride, lithium chloride, and an aprotic solvent. In the electrolytic solution, the concentration at which the total of magnesium chloride and lithium chloride are dissolved with respect to 1 mol of an aprotic solvent is 0.09 mol or more. In addition, in the electrolytic solution, the concentration at which magnesium chloride is dissolved with respect to 1 mol of the aprotic solvent is 0.045 mol or more.

An electrode includes at least magnesium, carbon, oxygen, sulfur, and halogen. The electrode also has a surface exhibiting a single peak derived from magnesium in the range of 40 eV to 60 eV.

A method of making a light weight housing for an internal component is provided. The method including the steps of: forming a first metallic foam core into a desired configuration; forming a second metallic foam core into a desired configuration; inserting an internal component into the first metallic foam core; placing the second metallic foam adjacent to the first metallic core in order to secure the internal component between the first metallic foam core and the second metallic foam core; and applying an external metallic shell to an exterior surface of the first metallic foam core and the second metallic foam core.

A method of making a light weight housing for an internal component is provided. The method including the steps of: forming a first metallic foam core into a desired configuration; forming a second metallic foam core into a desired configuration; inserting an internal component into the first metallic foam core; placing the second metallic foam adjacent to the first metallic core in order to secure the internal component between the first metallic foam core and the second metallic foam core; and applying an external metallic shell to an exterior surface of the first metallic foam core and the second metallic foam core.

Provided is a method for fabricating a magnesium-containing electrode by a plating method. In the fabrication process disclosure, a plating solution used in the plating method includes a solvent containing an ether. The solvent includes a first magnesium salt having a disilazide structure represented by a formula (R.sub.3Si).sub.2N and a second magnesium salt that does not have a disilazide structure. In the formula, R represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 or more and 10 or less carbon atoms.

Provided is a method for fabricating a magnesium-containing electrode by a plating method. In the fabrication process disclosure, a plating solution used in the plating method includes a solvent containing an ether. The solvent includes a first magnesium salt having a disilazide structure represented by a formula (R.sub.3Si).sub.2N and a second magnesium salt that does not have a disilazide structure. In the formula, R represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 or more and 10 or less carbon atoms.

Described herein are apparatus and methods for the continuous application of nanolaminated materials by electrodeposition.