A method for making an optical fiber device may include using a three-dimensional (3D) printer to generate a preform body including an optical material. The preform body may have a 3D pattern of voids therein defining a 3D lattice. The method may further include drawing the preform body to form the optical fiber device.

A method for making an optical fiber device may include using a three-dimensional (3D) printer to generate a preform body including an optical material. The preform body may have a 3D pattern of voids therein defining a 3D lattice. The method may further include drawing the preform body to form the optical fiber device.

Metastable alloys have recently emerged as high-performance catalysts, extending the toolbox of binary alloy materials that can be utilized to mediate electrocatalytic reactions. In particular, nanostructured metastable ordered intermetallic compounds are particularly challenging to synthesize. Here the present invention is directed to a method for synthesizing sub-15 nm metastable ordered intermetallic Pd31Bi12 nanoparticles at room temperature, in a single step, by pulsed electrochemical deposition onto high surface area carbon supports. The resulting Pd31Bi12 nanoparticles displays a 7× enhancement of the mass activity relative to Pt/C and a 4× enhancement relative to Pd/C for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The high performance of Pd31Bi12 nanoparticles is demonstrated to arise from reduced oxygen binding caused by alloying of Pd with Bi. The isolation of Pd-sites from each other facilitate methanol tolerant ORR behavior.

Metastable alloys have recently emerged as high-performance catalysts, extending the toolbox of binary alloy materials that can be utilized to mediate electrocatalytic reactions. In particular, nanostructured metastable ordered intermetallic compounds are particularly challenging to synthesize. Here the present invention is directed to a method for synthesizing sub-15 nm metastable ordered intermetallic Pd31Bi12 nanoparticles at room temperature, in a single step, by pulsed electrochemical deposition onto high surface area carbon supports. The resulting Pd31Bi12 nanoparticles displays a 7× enhancement of the mass activity relative to Pt/C and a 4× enhancement relative to Pd/C for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The high performance of Pd31Bi12 nanoparticles is demonstrated to arise from reduced oxygen binding caused by alloying of Pd with Bi. The isolation of Pd-sites from each other facilitate methanol tolerant ORR behavior.

A method for manufacturing a printed wiring board includes forming a seed layer on a surface of a resin insulating layer, applying liquid resist on the seed layer formed on the surface of the resin insulating layer, drying the liquid resist applied on the seed layer such that a resist layer is formed on the seed layer, applying pressure and heat simultaneously to an entire surface of the resist layer formed on the seed layer, forming a plating resist on the seed layer from the resist layer formed on the seed layer using a photographic technology, forming an electrolytic plating film on part of the seed layer exposed from the plating resist, removing the plating resist from the seed layer, and removing part of the seed layer exposed from the electrolytic plating film.

A method for manufacturing a printed wiring board includes forming a seed layer on a surface of a resin insulating layer, applying liquid resist on the seed layer formed on the surface of the resin insulating layer, drying the liquid resist applied on the seed layer such that a resist layer is formed on the seed layer, applying pressure and heat simultaneously to an entire surface of the resist layer formed on the seed layer, forming a plating resist on the seed layer from the resist layer formed on the seed layer using a photographic technology, forming an electrolytic plating film on part of the seed layer exposed from the plating resist, removing the plating resist from the seed layer, and removing part of the seed layer exposed from the electrolytic plating film.

A process for making a carbon nanotube structure includes forming a composite by depositing or growing carbon nanotubes onto a metal substrate, and infusing the carbon nanotubes. In other aspects, a method of making a wire, includes coating carbon nanotubes on a wire, and electroplating the carbon nanotubes. In still other aspects, a method of making a conductor includes growing or depositing vertically aligned carbon nanotubes on a sheet. Yet still, a method of making a cable includes forming multiple composite wires, each composite wire formed by depositing or growing carbon nanotubes onto a metal substrate, and performing a metal infusion of the carbon nanotubes. The method also comprises combining multiple finished composite wires or objects to make large cables or straps.

A process for making a carbon nanotube structure includes forming a composite by depositing or growing carbon nanotubes onto a metal substrate, and infusing the carbon nanotubes. In other aspects, a method of making a wire, includes coating carbon nanotubes on a wire, and electroplating the carbon nanotubes. In still other aspects, a method of making a conductor includes growing or depositing vertically aligned carbon nanotubes on a sheet. Yet still, a method of making a cable includes forming multiple composite wires, each composite wire formed by depositing or growing carbon nanotubes onto a metal substrate, and performing a metal infusion of the carbon nanotubes. The method also comprises combining multiple finished composite wires or objects to make large cables or straps.

According to a first aspect of the invention, a method for producing a metal-CNT composite material is proposed. The method includes providing a layer of CNT by depositing CNT coated with a polyphenol or poly(catecholamine) coating and filling the interstices of the carbon nanotubes layer with a metal so as to form a metal matrix, in which CNT are embedded. The filling is effected by electrode position or by electroless deposition. The polyphenol or poly(catecholamine) coating is crosslinked by metal ions, the metal ions promoting, as metal seeds, adhesion and/or growth of the metal matrix during the filling step. A further aspect of the invention relates to the metal-CNT composite obtainable by the method.

A method of manufacture can comprise: treating a surface of a polymeric substrate with a laser induced graphene; and bonding a metallic layer to the laser induced graphene.