A system and methods are provided for electrochemical grinding a workpiece. In one embodiment, a method includes controlling potentials to grinding tool and the workpiece, controlling applying electrolyte, and controlling grinding of the workpiece by the grinding tool. The method may also include determining screen replacement when there is sufficient metal plated.

Provided are adaptive materials that include an electrically conductive matrix material defining a plurality of voids; and an electrolyte disposed in at least some of the voids, the electrolyte comprising at least an ion of a first metal. Also provided are related methods of effecting self-healing in the disclosed materials. Further provided are methods of effecting repeated healing in metallic materials.

At least one plating pen is brought into aligned relationship with at least one hole defined in a board. The pen includes a central retractable protrusion, a first shell surrounding the protrusion and defining a first annular channel therewith, and a second shell surrounding the first shell and defining a second annular channel therewith. The protrusion is lowered to block the hole and plating material is flowed down the first channel to a surface of the board and up into the second channel, to form an initial deposit on the board surface. The protrusion is raised to unblock the hole, and plating material is flowed down the first annular channel to side walls of the hole and up into the second annular channel, to deposit the material on the side walls of the hole.

A metal-ceramic composite includes a ceramic matrix defining a multiplicity of pores, and a metal electrodeposited in the multiplicity of pores. A ceramic slurry includes ceramic microstructures or nanostructures, silica nanopowder, a dispersant, and a binder. Repairing a void in a metal-ceramic composite, wherein the void is defined by at least a first metal surface and a second metal surface of the metal-ceramic composite, includes introducing a solution including metal ions into the void, and electrodepositing the metal ions on the first metal surface and the second surface to yield a metal phase, thereby filling the void.

Methods for removing sulfate from a battery electrode, methods for refurbishing batteries, methods of depositing a film on a battery electrode, and refurbished batteries are described. Methods for removing sulfate from a batter electrode include placing the battery electrode in a chelate solution to solubilize the sulfate and remove sulfate deposits from the battery electrode. Methods further include performing electrodeposition of a metal film on a battery electrode using chelate-metal solution resulting from the soaking process.

The disclosure provides a method comprising inducing a first current between a source of a countercharge and a first electrode, the first current being through an electrolyte. A second current is induced across the first electrode, the second current being transverse to the first current, and the second current inducing a relativistic charge across the first electrode.

The disclosure provides a method comprising inducing a first current between a source of a countercharge and a first electrode, the first current being through an electrolyte. A second current is induced across the first electrode, the second current being transverse to the first current, and the second current inducing a relativistic charge across the first electrode.

Disclosed are an electroplating repair apparatus, an electroplating repair system having the same, and an operating system thereof. The apparatus includes a probe body extending a predefined length in a structure corresponding to an inner diameter part of a tube, an electroplating electrode attached to and surrounding an outer circumferential surface of the probe body, a sealing member attached to opposite end sides of the probe body to seal a target portion to be electroplated, and a solution supply line supplying a solution to the target portion through the inside of the probe body, wherein the apparatus has a structure capable of wholly repairing the inside of the tube including a sealing welding part and an expanded part.

The disclosure provides a method comprising inducing a first current between a source of a countercharge and a first electrode, the first current being through an electrolyte. A second current is induced across the first electrode, the second current being transverse to the first current, and the second current inducing a relativistic charge across the first electrode.

An cicctrodcposited nickel-chromium-aluminum (NiCrAl) composite including nickel- chromium alloy and aluminum, and alloys or compounds formed by Al, Cr and Ni applied on turbine components comprises from 2 to 50 wt % chromium, from 0.1 to 6 wt % aluminum, and a remaining balance of nickel, wherein the NiCrAl composite is heat-treated to form an aluminum compound and to restore materials lost during repair processes of the turbine components.