A nonwoven web obtained by electrospinning, suitable for the filtration of nano- and/or submicron aerosols, including a multiplicity of fibers of composition C1, the composition C1 including at least 50% by weight of at least one polymer P1 based on the repeat unit resulting from vinylidene fluoride (VDF), the fibers of composition C1 having a degree of crystallinity in polar phase(s), preferentially in solely beta phase, of at least 65% by weight, with respect to their total weight. Also, a process for the manufacture of the web, to a membrane including the web and also to a process for the washing/sterilization of the web or of the membrane.

Devices for radiative cooling and optical waveguiding are provided, wherein the devices comprise a fabric including one or more fibers extending for a length in a longitudinal direction and a plurality of void structures positioned within each of the one or more fibers and extended over the length of each of the one or more fibers. Each of the plurality of void structures is configured to scatter at least a portion of an electromagnetic radiation received thereon to thereby radiatively cool the object.

Devices for radiative cooling and optical waveguiding are provided, wherein the devices comprise a fabric including one or more fibers extending for a length in a longitudinal direction and a plurality of void structures positioned within each of the one or more fibers and extended over the length of each of the one or more fibers. Each of the plurality of void structures is configured to scatter at least a portion of an electromagnetic radiation received thereon to thereby radiatively cool the object.

A PTFE sheet in which PTFE fibers having a diameter of 1 μm or less are spun, the PTFE sheet having a Gurley value in the range of 1 s/100 cc/in.sup.2 to 3 s/100 cc/in.sup.2 and a shrinkage factor in a direction orthogonal to a sheet winding direction of no more than 10% when heated to 300° C. The PTFE sheet makes a die adsorbable via a tool, which is for heating the die when the die is mounted on a mounting body, by being sandwiched between the die and the tool, and suppresses the adhesion, to an adsorption surface of the tool or to the die, of an adhesion member for fixing the die to the mounted body. Through this configuration, a PTFE sheet capable of stabilizing vacuum adsorption and improving maintainability and a method for mounting a die are provided.

A PTFE sheet in which PTFE fibers having a diameter of 1 μm or less are spun, the PTFE sheet having a Gurley value in the range of 1 s/100 cc/in.sup.2 to 3 s/100 cc/in.sup.2 and a shrinkage factor in a direction orthogonal to a sheet winding direction of no more than 10% when heated to 300° C. The PTFE sheet makes a die adsorbable via a tool, which is for heating the die when the die is mounted on a mounting body, by being sandwiched between the die and the tool, and suppresses the adhesion, to an adsorption surface of the tool or to the die, of an adhesion member for fixing the die to the mounted body. Through this configuration, a PTFE sheet capable of stabilizing vacuum adsorption and improving maintainability and a method for mounting a die are provided.

According to an embodiment, an electrospinning apparatus includes: a transport roll; and a head unit. The transport roll is a roll that transports a substrate. The transport has a transport surface that is in contact with the substrate when transporting the substrate. The transport surface of the transport roll has a surface roughness Ra of 1.6 or less. The head unit ejects a raw material liquid of fiber toward the substrate transported by the transport roll to form a film of the fiber on the substrate.

An embolic filter balloon is disclosed. The embolic filter balloon may comprise an inflatable balloon portion. Further, the inflatable balloon portion may be coupled to a filter member. The embolic filter balloon may be disposed in a body lumen. In some embodiments, the embolic filter balloon may be configured such that when the inflatable balloon portion is at least partially inflated the filter member extends at least partially across the body lumen. Such a configuration may allow the embolic filter balloon, when deployed, to filter particles greater than a predetermined size from a fluid in the body lumen.

An embolic filter balloon is disclosed. The embolic filter balloon may comprise an inflatable balloon portion. Further, the inflatable balloon portion may be coupled to a filter member. The embolic filter balloon may be disposed in a body lumen. In some embodiments, the embolic filter balloon may be configured such that when the inflatable balloon portion is at least partially inflated the filter member extends at least partially across the body lumen. Such a configuration may allow the embolic filter balloon, when deployed, to filter particles greater than a predetermined size from a fluid in the body lumen.

A scaffold for cell culture or tissue engineering is provided. The scaffold includes a fiber web having a three-dimensional network structure, which includes a biodegradable scaffold fiber. Therefore, a microenvironment suitable for migration, proliferation and differentiation of cells to be cultured is created, thereby improving a cell proliferation rate and cell viability. In addition, the scaffold may be easily removed from cells cultured therein without physical/chemical stimuli, and thus the cultured cells may be easily recovered, and is able to be grafted into the body while the cultured cells are included in the scaffold. Moreover, the cultured cells may be cultured to have a similar shape/structure to those of an actual animal body to make it more suitable to be applied in grafting into an in vitro experimental model or animal body.

A scaffold for cell culture or tissue engineering is provided. The scaffold includes a fiber web having a three-dimensional network structure, which includes a biodegradable scaffold fiber. Therefore, a microenvironment suitable for migration, proliferation and differentiation of cells to be cultured is created, thereby improving a cell proliferation rate and cell viability. In addition, the scaffold may be easily removed from cells cultured therein without physical/chemical stimuli, and thus the cultured cells may be easily recovered, and is able to be grafted into the body while the cultured cells are included in the scaffold. Moreover, the cultured cells may be cultured to have a similar shape/structure to those of an actual animal body to make it more suitable to be applied in grafting into an in vitro experimental model or animal body.