A functionally gradient material for guided periodontal hard and soft tissue regeneration includes a 3D printed scaffold layer and an electrospun fibrous membrane layer. The content of hydroxyapatite in the 3D printed scaffold layer is higher than the content of hydroxyapatite in the electrospun fibrous membrane layer. The pore size of the 3D printed scaffold layer is larger than the pore size of the electrospun fibrous membrane layer. The pore size of the 3D printed scaffold layer is 100-1000 μm, and the fiber diameter of the electrospun fibrous membrane layer is 300-5000 nm. The electrospun fibrous membrane layer is in a random distribution or an oriented arrangement or has a mesh structure. The thickness of the electrospun fibrous membrane layer is 0.08-1 mm.

Compositions comprising at least one major ampullate spidroin protein (MaSp)-based fiber, a polymer bound to the MaSp-based fiber, and optionally a further polymer having a molecular weight in the range of 1000 Da to 1000 kDa, are provided. Further, methods for preparation of same are provided.

A method for manufacturing an acrylic fiber uses a spinning solution in which an acrylic polymer is dissolved in an organic solvent, the method including reducing an amount of organic solvent by repeatedly spraying water onto coagulated filaments obtained by solidifying the spinning solution and pressing the coagulated filaments with nip rolls. The nip rolls may apply a nip pressure of 0.2 MPa or higher. Thus, a method for manufacturing an acrylic fiber with which an organic solvent in the acrylic fiber can be removed within a short period of time without using a water bath is provided.

A method for manufacturing an acrylic fiber uses a spinning solution in which an acrylic polymer is dissolved in an organic solvent, the method including reducing an amount of organic solvent by repeatedly spraying water onto coagulated filaments obtained by solidifying the spinning solution and pressing the coagulated filaments with nip rolls. The nip rolls may apply a nip pressure of 0.2 MPa or higher. Thus, a method for manufacturing an acrylic fiber with which an organic solvent in the acrylic fiber can be removed within a short period of time without using a water bath is provided.

A dye composition and a dyeing method for an elastic fabric are provided. The dyeing method includes: (a) providing an elastic fabric which includes an elastic fiber; and (b) immersing the elastic fabric in a dye composition. The dye composition includes an ion modifier and a dye. The elastic fiber of the elastic fabric has a first ion by contacting the ion modifier, and the first ion has a first charge; the dye has a second ion, and the second ion has a second charge opposite to the first charge. The first ion of the elastic fiber and the second ion of the dye together form an ionic bonding.

A dye composition and a dyeing method for an elastic fabric are provided. The dyeing method includes: (a) providing an elastic fabric which includes an elastic fiber; and (b) immersing the elastic fabric in a dye composition. The dye composition includes an ion modifier and a dye. The elastic fiber of the elastic fabric has a first ion by contacting the ion modifier, and the first ion has a first charge; the dye has a second ion, and the second ion has a second charge opposite to the first charge. The first ion of the elastic fiber and the second ion of the dye together form an ionic bonding.

The invention presented in this document relates to processes for the preparation of a formulation containing poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and aliphatic and/or aromatic polyesters which plasticize it, and its use in monofilaments and films. The presence of polyesters does not remove the biodegradability and composting characteristics of the raw materials used in the formulation. The invention also concerns products that use the formulation.

The invention presented in this document relates to processes for the preparation of a formulation containing poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and aliphatic and/or aromatic polyesters which plasticize it, and its use in monofilaments and films. The presence of polyesters does not remove the biodegradability and composting characteristics of the raw materials used in the formulation. The invention also concerns products that use the formulation.

A method for the production of polyoxazolidinone compounds, comprising the step of reacting an isocyanate compound (A) with an epoxide compound (B) in the presence of a catalyst (C), wherein the isocyanate compound (A) comprises a isocyanate compound (A.sup.1) wherein the a isocyanate compound (A1) comprising at least two isocyanate groups (I.sup.1≥2), preferred two isocyanate groups (I.sup.1=2), wherein the epoxide compound (B) comprises a epoxide compound (B.sup.1) and an epoxide compound (B.sup.2), wherein the epoxide compound (B.sup.2) is different from the epoxide compound (B.sup.1) wherein the epoxide compound (B.sup.1) comprising at least two terminal epoxide groups (F1≥2), preferred two terminal epoxide groups (F.sup.1=2), linked together by a linking group (L1) and the epoxide compound (B.sup.2) comprising at least two terminal epoxide groups (F.sup.2≥2)), preferred two terminal epoxide groups (F.sup.2=2), linked together by a linking group (L.sup.2), wherein the linking group (L.sup.2) comprises acyclic and covalent bonds to each other free of conjugated multiple bonds within the main chain, wherein the epoxide compound (B.sup.2) is present in the epoxide compounds B.sup.1 and B.sup.2, in an amount of ≥0.01 mol-% to <10 mol-%, preferred 1-9 mol-% more preferred 3-8 mol-% based on the molar ratio the terminal epoxide groups in the epoxide compound (B.sup.1) and of the sum of the terminal epoxide groups in the epoxide compound (B.sup.1) and terminal epoxide groups in the epoxide compound (B.sup.2).

A method for the production of polyoxazolidinone compounds, comprising the step of reacting an isocyanate compound (A) with an epoxide compound (B) in the presence of a catalyst (C), wherein the isocyanate compound (A) comprises a isocyanate compound (A.sup.1) wherein the a isocyanate compound (A1) comprising at least two isocyanate groups (I.sup.1≥2), preferred two isocyanate groups (I.sup.1=2), wherein the epoxide compound (B) comprises a epoxide compound (B.sup.1) and an epoxide compound (B.sup.2), wherein the epoxide compound (B.sup.2) is different from the epoxide compound (B.sup.1) wherein the epoxide compound (B.sup.1) comprising at least two terminal epoxide groups (F1≥2), preferred two terminal epoxide groups (F.sup.1=2), linked together by a linking group (L1) and the epoxide compound (B.sup.2) comprising at least two terminal epoxide groups (F.sup.2≥2)), preferred two terminal epoxide groups (F.sup.2=2), linked together by a linking group (L.sup.2), wherein the linking group (L.sup.2) comprises acyclic and covalent bonds to each other free of conjugated multiple bonds within the main chain, wherein the epoxide compound (B.sup.2) is present in the epoxide compounds B.sup.1 and B.sup.2, in an amount of ≥0.01 mol-% to <10 mol-%, preferred 1-9 mol-% more preferred 3-8 mol-% based on the molar ratio the terminal epoxide groups in the epoxide compound (B.sup.1) and of the sum of the terminal epoxide groups in the epoxide compound (B.sup.1) and terminal epoxide groups in the epoxide compound (B.sup.2).