Alternative methods for sealing pouch materials, for example, using radio frequency (RF) sealing techniques, and oral pouched products formed according to those methods are provided. Some pouched products may include an outer water-permeable pouch defining a cavity having a composition situated in the cavity, wherein the outer water-permeable pouch comprises a fleece material, the fleece material comprising a plurality of fibers and an RF sealable material. In some embodiments, methods of RF sealing pouch materials may include providing one or more fleece materials having a RF sealable material and sealing the one or more fleece materials using radio frequency energy to form a RF sealed pouched product.

A thermoformable nonwoven composite containing a nonwoven layer which contains a plurality of first staple fibers, a plurality of first binder fibers having a first melting point, and a plurality of second binder fibers having a second melting point, wherein the first staple fibers, first binder fibers, and second binder fibers intertwine and cross at crossover points. The difference first melting point and the second melting point differ by at least about 15° C., and at least 95% by weight of all of the fibers in the nonwoven layer are polyester. The thermoformable nonwoven composite also contains a first resin formulation containing a first resin. The first resin is located within the nonwoven and located in at least a portion of the crossover points. The first staple fibers, the first and second binder fibers, and the first resin all contain a polymer from the same chemical class.

A method of manufacturing a flame-retardant heat insulating formed product in the shape of a mat includes pouring water in used paper or a pulp material to defibrate and obtain defibrated cotton. A flame retardant such as a boric acid is charged into the defibrated cotton. By stirring and heating, a flame-retardant heat insulating defibrated cotton is obtained. Short fibers with a low melting point made of polyester or the like are charged into the flame-retardant heat insulating defibrated cotton. By mixing and stirring, a flame-retardant heat insulating loose material is obtained. A forming die made of corrugated cardboard provided with a lid having air vents is filled with the flame-retardant heat insulating loose material. The flame-retardant heat insulating loose material together with the forming die are heated with a microwave heating apparatus to form. A mat-shaped formed product is removed from the forming die.

A method for baking a continuous mat of mineral or plant fibers successively includes application of an aqueous solution, containing a binder diluted in the solution, onto mineral or plant fibers, shaping of the fibers to form a continuous mat on a conveyor in motion, and heating the mat in movement through an oven by a hot air flow at a temperature higher than the curing temperature of the binder. Furthermore, at least partial drying of the mat is carried out before entry into the oven. The at least partial drying includes irradiation of the mat in movement with radiofrequency electromagnetic waves whose frequency lies between 3 MHz and 300 GHz.

A method for baking a continuous mat of mineral or plant fibers successively includes application of an aqueous solution, containing a binder diluted in the solution, onto mineral or plant fibers, shaping of the fibers to form a continuous mat on a conveyor in motion, and heating the mat in movement through an oven by a hot air flow at a temperature higher than the curing temperature of the binder. Furthermore, at least partial drying of the mat is carried out before entry into the oven. The at least partial drying includes irradiation of the mat in movement with radiofrequency electromagnetic waves whose frequency lies between 3 MHz and 300 GHz.