An anhydrous fiber-dyeing apparatus using vacuum transfer, includes: a hollow drum in which a plurality of fine holes are formed to penetrate therethrough, and a fiber to be dyed are wound around an outer surface thereof; a transfer film covering the outer surface of the fiber wound around the drum and having an inner side surface coated with a dye; heating means heating the fiber wound around the drum; and a vacuum means suctioning air through an inner space of the drum to form a vacuum pressure through the fine holes of the drum.

There is provided an anhydrous dyeing system for yarn, including: a transfer printer which repeatedly sprays dye ink on a surface of a transfer sheet a plurality of times to laminate and apply ink layers; a dyeing jig which is in a drum form having a plurality of microholes formed in an outer circumferential surface thereof to penetrate inside and outside; a process chamber into which the dyeing jig is put; a heating member for heating the yarn wound on the dyeing jig, by supplying heat to the inside of the process chamber; and a vacuum-generating member which is in communication with an internal space of the dyeing jig and vacuum-evacuates the air in the internal space of the dyeing jig to thereby form a vacuum pressure inside the dyeing jig.