A method of spreading fiber tows includes assembling a fibrous composite from a plurality of tows, applying an aqueous solution to the fibrous composite, freezing the fibrous composite after applying the aqueous solution, freeze drying the fibrous composite to remove water from the fibrous composite, and heating the fibrous composite after freeze drying to remove a cryoprotectant from the fibrous composite. The aqueous solution comprises water and the cryoprotectant and freezing the fibrous composite spreads filaments within the plurality of fiber tows.

An impregnation system and a method for impregnating a textile fabric for composite components are described. A matrix 2 can be applied to a textile fabric 1 in such a way that the matrix 2 penetrates it at least partially and/or at least on one side. A first and a second endless belt 1 each designed as a belt loop are provided for the impregnation system. Between the first 4 and the second belt loop 5, the textile fabric 1 can guided on the mutually facing surfaces 6 of the belt loops and can be impregnated there. The deflection rollers 7 are provided in the respective belt loop 4, 5 of the respective endless belts at the deflection areas, with at least one roller being adjustable in the direction of the mutually facing surfaces 6 of the belt loops 4, 5. By adjusting the rollers 8 in the y direction, the wrap angle and thus the pressure exerted on the textile fabric during impregnation is controlled.

In order to manufacture a cotton-containing product of a cotton material, when the cotton material is refined and bleached in the state of a sliver, heating is performed, with steam, on the cotton material with a chemical agent applied to the cotton material, and, when the heating is performed, the steam is applied to the cotton material in the state of a sliver sheet formed by arranging the sliver in a sheet shape.

In order to manufacture a cotton-containing product of a cotton material, when the cotton material is refined and bleached in the state of a sliver, heating is performed, with steam, on the cotton material with a chemical agent applied to the cotton material, and, when the heating is performed, the steam is applied to the cotton material in the state of a sliver sheet formed by arranging the sliver in a sheet shape.

A method for spreading a tow of textile non-braided filaments, preferably chemical or inorganic fibres comprises providing a tow of textile non-braided filaments extending along its own main direction and having a section transverse to the main direction with a predetermined thickness and a predetermined width, feeding the tow along a travel path and spreading the tow in order to increase its width and reduce its thickness, defining a spread tow. The step of spreading the tow includes immersing the tow in a bath and generating in the bath a sequence of transverse waves crossing the tow transversely to the main direction in order to separate and place the individual filaments side by side, thereby spreading the tow, wherein the tow entering the bath and/or the spread tow extracted from the bath is/are unsized.

An impregnation system and a method for impregnating a textile fabric for composite components are described. A matrix 2 can be applied to a textile fabric 1 in such a way that the matrix 2 penetrates it at least partially and/or at least on one side. A first and a second endless belt 1 each designed as a belt loop are provided for the impregnation system. Between the first 4 and the second belt loop 5, the textile fabric 1 can guided on the mutually facing surfaces 6 of the belt loops and can be impregnated there. The deflection rollers 7 are provided in the respective belt loop 4, 5 of the respective endless belts at the deflection areas, with at least one roller being adjustable in the direction of the mutually facing surfaces 6 of the belt loops 4, 5. By adjusting the rollers 8 in the y direction, the wrap angle and thus the pressure exerted on the textile fabric during impregnation is controlled.

The invention relates to an impregnating device for impregnating at least one quasi-endless fibre material with a plastic material which is melted at a corresponding process temperature, having at least one fibre supply channel a having a fibre feed to supply the quasi-endless fibre material to the impregnating device, and at least one plastic supply channel having a plastic feed separate from the fibre feed to supply the plastic material to the impregnating device separately from the fibre material, the at least one fibre supply channel and the at least one plastic supply channel being separate at least in some portions and opening out into a common impregnation cavity to impregnate the quasi-endless fibre material with the supplied and melted plastic material, characterised in that the impregnating device has a backflow-blocking region in which die fibre supply channel has, at least in some portions, an S-shaped profile which is formed by two curves with opposing curve directions, between which the fibre supply channel is joined with the at least one plastic supply channel so that a coalition channel portion is then formed.

The invention relates to an impregnating device for impregnating at least one quasi-endless fibre material with a plastic material which is melted at a corresponding process temperature, having at least one fibre supply channel a having a fibre feed to supply the quasi-endless fibre material to the impregnating device, and at least one plastic supply channel having a plastic feed separate from the fibre feed to supply the plastic material to the impregnating device separately from the fibre material, the at least one fibre supply channel and the at least one plastic supply channel being separate at least in some portions and opening out into a common impregnation cavity to impregnate the quasi-endless fibre material with the supplied and melted plastic material, characterised in that the impregnating device has a backflow-blocking region in which die fibre supply channel has, at least in some portions, an S-shaped profile which is formed by two curves with opposing curve directions, between which the fibre supply channel is joined with the at least one plastic supply channel so that a coalition channel portion is then formed.

A method for spreading a tow of textile non-braided filaments, preferably chemical or inorganic fibres comprises providing a tow of textile non-braided filaments extending along its own main direction and having a section transverse to the main direction with a predetermined thickness and a predetermined width, feeding the tow along a travel path and spreading the tow in order to increase its width and reduce its thickness, defining a spread tow. The step of spreading the tow includes immersing the tow in a bath and generating in the bath a sequence of transverse waves crossing the tow transversely to the main direction in order to separate and place the individual filaments side by side, thereby spreading the tow, wherein the tow entering the bath and/or the spread tow extracted from the bath is/are unsized.