A liquid film cleavage agent having a spreading coefficient of 15 mN/m or more to a liquid having surface tension of 50 mN/m, and a water solubility of 0 g or more and 0.025 g or less.

A flame retardant treatment of a lignocellulosic material, which includes: optionally steam exploding the lignocellulosic material, impregnating the optionally steam-exploded lignocellulosic material, in or with an aqueous solution, from 0.5% to 10% of phytic acid and from 1% to 30% of urea, based on the total weight of the aqueous solution, optionally drying of the impregnated lignocellulosic material, until the impregnated lignocellulosic material has a moisture content from 5% to 20% by weight, cooking the impregnated and optionally dried lignocellulosic material, the resulting flame-retarded lignocellulosic material including a phosphorous content originating from the phytic acid from 0.1% to 10% by weight. Also, the resulting flame-retarded lignocellulosic material and the use thereof for manufacturing flame-retarded composite materials based on plant fibres, woven or nonwoven flame-retarded flexible materials based on plant fibres, and particularly textiles, flame-retarded materials based on wood fibres and/or on wood particles, and particularly flame-retarded wood panels.

An aqueous dispersion of polyurethane resin is obtained by a chain elongation reaction in water wherein (C) at least one chain extender selected from a group consisting of water-soluble polyamines, hydrazine and derivatives thereof is added to a dispersion liquid obtained by emulsifying and dispersing a mixture in water. The mixture comprises: (B) at least one compound selected from the phosphorous compounds represented by the following formula (1) and (A) an urethane prepolymer and/or a neutralized urethane prepolymer material which has an isocyanate group at the terminal. The urethane prepolymer of component (A) is an urethane prepolymer obtained from (a1) an organic polyisocyanate and (a2) a polymeric polyol. The neutralized urethane prepolymer material of component (A) is a neutralized material obtained by neutralizing an urethane prepolymer which is obtained by further using (a3) a compound having an anionic hydrophilic group and at least two active hydrogens in a molecule together with the components (a1) and (a2).

An aqueous dispersion of polyurethane resin is obtained by a chain elongation reaction in water wherein (C) at least one chain extender selected from a group consisting of water-soluble polyamines, hydrazine and derivatives thereof is added to a dispersion liquid obtained by emulsifying and dispersing a mixture in water. The mixture comprises: (B) at least one compound selected from the phosphorous compounds represented by the following formula (1) and (A) an urethane prepolymer and/or a neutralized urethane prepolymer material which has an isocyanate group at the terminal. The urethane prepolymer of component (A) is an urethane prepolymer obtained from (a1) an organic polyisocyanate and (a2) a polymeric polyol. The neutralized urethane prepolymer material of component (A) is a neutralized material obtained by neutralizing an urethane prepolymer which is obtained by further using (a3) a compound having an anionic hydrophilic group and at least two active hydrogens in a molecule together with the components (a1) and (a2).

The present inventions relates to a low solvent based method for the production of a microporous polymer coated fibrous fabric, comprising the steps of contacting the fabric with a composition dispersed in an aqueous medium thereby coating the fabric with the composition, and contacting the coated with a coagulation solution and drying of the fabric, crosslinking the polymer resin. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a cleaning cloth comprising a microporous polymer coating obtained by the method.

Fire retardant laminates including a textile layer, a protective layer, and a fire retardant are provided. The protective layer includes a porous membrane and a coating layer. The porous membrane is positioned between the textile layer and the coating layer. The fire retardant includes one or more phosphonate esters of the general formula: ##STR00001##
where n=0 or 1, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, R.sub.3 is H or C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, and R.sub.4 is a linear or branched alkyl. At least a portion of the phosphonate ester in the fire retardant laminate resides in the coating layer. The fire retardant laminates are suitable for use in protective garments that provide full flammability and burn protection, even after exposure to flammable materials such as petroleum, oils, and lubricants. A method of rendering the fire retardant laminate fire retardant is also provided.

Fire retardant laminates including a textile layer, a protective layer, and a fire retardant are provided. The protective layer includes a porous membrane and a coating layer. The porous membrane is positioned between the textile layer and the coating layer. The fire retardant includes one or more phosphonate esters of the general formula: ##STR00001##
where n=0 or 1, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, R.sub.3 is H or C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, and R.sub.4 is a linear or branched alkyl. At least a portion of the phosphonate ester in the fire retardant laminate resides in the coating layer. The fire retardant laminates are suitable for use in protective garments that provide full flammability and burn protection, even after exposure to flammable materials such as petroleum, oils, and lubricants. A method of rendering the fire retardant laminate fire retardant is also provided.

Liposomes with cosmetic and/or dermopharmaceutical ingredients for the care of the skin, scalp and/or hair and their use in washing agents and/or sprays for the treatment of textile materials.

Liposomes with cosmetic and/or dermopharmaceutical ingredients for the care of the skin, scalp and/or hair and their use in washing agents and/or sprays for the treatment of textile materials.

A fabric print medium containing a fabric base substrate and a primer layer composition applied to the fabric base substrate. Said primer layer composition includes at least three types of polymeric particles, at least two different fire retardant agents and a water-soluble high-valence metal complex. Also disclosed are the method for making such fabric print medium and the method for producing printed images using said material.