Solid-state branching and/or crosslinking of aliphatic polyamide or polyester articles is achieved using a topical approach. A surface of the article is coated with a composition that includes a polyene and a free radical initiator. The article and applied coating are then heated to induce branching and/or crosslinking in the polyamide or polyester. This is performed below the crystalline melting temperature of the polyamide or polyester, or in the case of a fabric, below the melting temperature of the fibers in the fabric. Fabrics treated in this manner exhibit reduced or even no dripping in vertical flame tests.

Solid-state branching and/or crosslinking of aliphatic polyamide or polyester articles is achieved using a topical approach. A surface of the article is coated with a composition that includes a polyene and a free radical initiator. The article and applied coating are then heated to induce branching and/or crosslinking in the polyamide or polyester. This is performed below the crystalline melting temperature of the polyamide or polyester, or in the case of a fabric, below the melting temperature of the fibers in the fabric. Fabrics treated in this manner exhibit reduced or even no dripping in vertical flame tests.

An active ingredient preparation may be used in steam generators that includes at least one specific carrier material and at least one specific active ingredient. The active ingredient preparation may be used together with steam for steaming textiles. A functional element for a hand-held steam generator for treating textiles may include the active ingredient preparation in or on a carrier element. Finally, a method for steaming textiles may include or consist of providing a steam generator having a functional element, generating steam in the steam generator, bringing the steam into contact with the active ingredient preparation, and then applying the steam, which contains the active ingredient preparation, to a textile to be steamed.

An active ingredient preparation may be used in steam generators that includes at least one specific carrier material and at least one specific active ingredient. The active ingredient preparation may be used together with steam for steaming textiles. A functional element for a hand-held steam generator for treating textiles may include the active ingredient preparation in or on a carrier element. Finally, a method for steaming textiles may include or consist of providing a steam generator having a functional element, generating steam in the steam generator, bringing the steam into contact with the active ingredient preparation, and then applying the steam, which contains the active ingredient preparation, to a textile to be steamed.

The invention discloses a waterless fiber dyeing method using supercritical carbon dioxide fluid as a medium. Dry fibers are tightly loaded layer by layer in a porous yarn cage. After dyeing, the fibers are cleaned to remove unfixed dyes by an online way, thereby obtaining waterless dyed dry fiber products with good quality. With the supercritical carbon dioxide dyed by a dye, the invention can not only solve the problems of high energy consumption, high discharge, high pollution in the traditional dyeing process, but also obtain better dyeing effect. The invention has a simple process and convenient operation, which can effectively realize dry dyeing processing. The reaction is mild, avoiding the use of a large amount of water, heat and additives in high concentration, which has the features of being high efficiency and environmentally friendly.

The invention discloses a waterless fiber dyeing method using supercritical carbon dioxide fluid as a medium. Dry fibers are tightly loaded layer by layer in a porous yarn cage. After dyeing, the fibers are cleaned to remove unfixed dyes by an online way, thereby obtaining waterless dyed dry fiber products with good quality. With the supercritical carbon dioxide dyed by a dye, the invention can not only solve the problems of high energy consumption, high discharge, high pollution in the traditional dyeing process, but also obtain better dyeing effect. The invention has a simple process and convenient operation, which can effectively realize dry dyeing processing. The reaction is mild, avoiding the use of a large amount of water, heat and additives in high concentration, which has the features of being high efficiency and environmentally friendly.

Provided are a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional textile reinforcement material and a method of constructing a textile reinforced concrete structure using a three-dimensional textile reinforcement material. A two-dimensional grid is bent into a three-dimensional shape using a two-dimensionally woven or knitted textile grid, and the bent grid is coupled with at least one two-dimensional grid, and thus the three-dimensional textile reinforcement material can be simply and easily formed. The three-dimensional textile reinforcement material can be formed by coating the coupled two-dimensional grid and a three-dimensional grid with a thermosetting resin and curing the coupled grids to support a concrete pouring pressure. The three-dimensional textile reinforcement material is formed in a truss material, and the three-dimensional textile reinforcement material with high bending strength can be manufactured, thus a concrete pouring pressure can be supported when a textile reinforced concrete structure is constructed using the three-dimensional textile reinforcement material.

Provided are a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional textile reinforcement material and a method of constructing a textile reinforced concrete structure using a three-dimensional textile reinforcement material. A two-dimensional grid is bent into a three-dimensional shape using a two-dimensionally woven or knitted textile grid, and the bent grid is coupled with at least one two-dimensional grid, and thus the three-dimensional textile reinforcement material can be simply and easily formed. The three-dimensional textile reinforcement material can be formed by coating the coupled two-dimensional grid and a three-dimensional grid with a thermosetting resin and curing the coupled grids to support a concrete pouring pressure. The three-dimensional textile reinforcement material is formed in a truss material, and the three-dimensional textile reinforcement material with high bending strength can be manufactured, thus a concrete pouring pressure can be supported when a textile reinforced concrete structure is constructed using the three-dimensional textile reinforcement material.

Described are methods and systems for cationizing and dyeing a natural fiber-containing textile, which uses a mono- or di-quaternized cationizing agent. The method includes a step of heating the textile to a temperature in the range of 90° C. to less than 110° C. for a period of time in the range of 1 min to 10 min to react the cationizing agent with the textile. The cationization step in the presence of heat using the halogenated cationization agent of the invention facilitates improved dyeing.

Described are methods and systems for cationizing and dyeing a natural fiber-containing textile, which uses a mono- or di-quaternized cationizing agent. The method includes a step of heating the textile to a temperature in the range of 90° C. to less than 110° C. for a period of time in the range of 1 min to 10 min to react the cationizing agent with the textile. The cationization step in the presence of heat using the halogenated cationization agent of the invention facilitates improved dyeing.