A task to be achieved by the present invention is to provide a urethane water dispersion which is unlikely to soak the substrate well, and which has excellent peel strength and excellent prompt releasability. The present invention provides a urethane resin water dispersion containing a urethane resin (A), water (B), and a crosslinking agent (C), wherein the urethane resin (A) has a viscosity at 50° C. in the range of from 15,000 to 34,000 Pa.Math.s, a viscosity at 100° C. in the range of from 1,000 to 10,000 Pa.Math.s, and a viscosity at 150° C. in the range of from 100 to 1,300 Pa.Math.s. Further, the present invention provides a synthetic leather having a bonding layer formed from the urethane resin water dispersion. Further, the present invention provides a method for producing the synthetic leather.

The present invention generally relates to methods of printing articles using three-dimensional printing and other printing techniques, and to articles formed from such techniques, including the printing of articles of footwear containing particles. Certain embodiments are generally directed to composites comprising particles (e.g., reinforcing particles), for example, rubber particles. The particles may be used, for example, to increase slip or abrasion resistance. The composites may also contain polyurethanes or other compounds, e.g., to facilitate fabrication, e.g., using three-dimensional printing and other printing techniques. Other embodiments are directed to methods of making or using such articles. For example, in some embodiments, a composite may be prepared by mixing particles (e.g., reinforcing particles) with at least a first fluid and a second fluid within a nozzle, such as a microfluidic printing nozzle, which may be used to direct the resulting product onto a substrate.

The invention relates to a method for producing a surface-structured layered material which has a backing layer (I) and a polyurethane layer (2) connected thereto, the backing layer (I) used, in particular in pieces, being a leather, preferably a smoothed full-grain leather or a split cowskin, a textile material, preferably a woven fabric or a knitted fabric, a cellulose fibre material, a split foam, a leather fibre material or a microfibre fleece and being connected to the layer (2), and the layer (2) applied to the backing layer (I) being at least one, preferably a single layer formed of a PU foam, in particular containing gas pockets, preferably a whipped PU foam optionally containing hollow microspheres and/or a PU foam containing hollow microspheres. According to the invention: —the PU foam, in particular containing gas pockets, is created with a PU dispersion mixture, wherein the individual PU dispersions used to create the PU dispersion mixture exhibit different softening points in the dry state; —to create the PU dispersion mixture, one or more PU dispersions having heat—preferably melting and contact adhesive properties and a softening point in the dry state greater than 40° C., preferably greater than 45° C., in an amount of 18 to 52 wt ¾ of the finished PU dispersion mixture is/are mixed with one or more PU dispersions without melting and contact adhesive properties and with a softening point greater than 95° C., preferably greater than 125° C., in an amount of 39 to 73 wt ¾ of the finished PU dispersion mixture; —the PU dispersion mixture for the layer (2) is applied to the backing layer (I) with a thickness such that the layer has a thickness in the dried state of 0.075 to 0.450 mm, preferably 0.150 to 0.280 mm; —before or during structuring of the PU foam, a further layer (3) of a non-foamed PU dispersion which is a mixture of multiple PU dispersions is applied to the layer (2); —the backing layer (I) is optionally cut or punched into banks or pattern parts before or after the application of the PU foam, in particular after the drying thereof, and the coated blanks or pattern parts are subjected to stamping or structuring under pressure and temperature; and —the backing layer (1), the further layer (3) and the layer (2) are compressed and joined to one another and structured with a die (4) under application of a contact pressure of 4 to 48 kg/cm2, preferably 4 to 48 kg/cm2, in particular 18 to 25 kg/cm2.

The present invention provides a waterproof, moisture-permeable composite non-woven fabric able to block viruses and blood, and consists of a non-woven fabric, which is provided with two surfaces and has a basic weight of ≤70 g/m.sup.2; and a multi-layer breathable membrane, which is at least a three-layer co-extruded membrane. The basic weight of the multi-layer breathable membrane lies between 5˜30 g/m.sup.2 and is attached to one of the surfaces of the non-woven fabric. A powder in the multi-layer breathable membrane has a percentage by weight of 40˜60% and an extension ratio ≤300%. The present invention has characteristics including a synthetic blood permeability able to resist pressure of 2.0 psi sustainable for at least one minute, a Phi-X17 bacteriophage penetrability able to resist pressure of 2.0 psi sustainable for at least one minute, and a moisture capacity ≥1500 g/m.sup.2.Math.24 hr.

A multi-functional polyurethane coating composition can include water and polyurethane particles including a blend of polyurethane polymers with polyurethane backbones. The polyurethane particles can include multiple pendant groups independently attached to one or multiple polyurethane backbones within the blend of polyurethane polymers. The multiple pendant groups of the polyurethane particles include polyalkylene oxides, aliphatic phosphonium salts, and epoxides.

An artificial leather for a vehicle interior material includes: a fabric layer comprising a fiber layer; a skin layer disposed on the fabric layer and comprising a thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO); and a surface treatment layer disposed on the skin layer.

The present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing synthetic leather in which, after obtaining a thickened liquid by adding a thickening agent (B) with an oxyethylene group content of 2×10.sup.−2 mol/g or less to an aqueous urethane resin composition containing an aqueous urethane resin (A) having an acid value of 0.01 mgKOH/g or higher in a range of 0.01 to 30 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the aqueous urethane resin (A), the thickened liquid is coated on a base and coagulated with a coagulating agent (C) containing a metal salt (c-1). As the thickening agent, it is preferable to use one or more kinds of thickening agent that is selected from the group consisting of a cellulose thickening agent, an acryl thickening agent, and a urethane thickening agent. Furthermore, as the metal salt (c-1), calcium nitrate is preferable.

Flexible composite material, method of obtention and uses thereof The present description refers to a flexible composite material, method of obtention and uses thereof with a surprising resistance to tear, fissure and/or breaking of the material in conditions of extreme use, namely presence of oils and low temperatures, particularly a flexible composite material comprising the following layers: a support layer selected from the following list: fabric, nonwoven fabric, foam knitted fabric, or mixtures thereof; an intermediate layer of polyvinyl chloride, PVC, containing a plurality of sublayers; a compact layer of thermoplastic polyurethane, TPU, containing a plurality of sublayers; wherein the TPU compact layer comprises: 0.4-70% w/w of an aromatic TPU; 0.2-35% w/w of an aliphatic TPU; The present material can be used in the production of upholsteries, namely upholsteries for the automobile industry, in particular automobile seats.

Provided is synthetic leather with wrinkling and springiness similar to those of natural leather. The synthetic leather has a grain pattern and is obtained by laminating a polyurethane resin layer on a fibrous substrate. A stiffness of the front surface of the synthetic leather is 65 to 95 mm and a stiffness of a rear surface of the synthetic leather is 55 to 85 mm.

A method for producing a layered material, which has a substrate layer and a layer of polyurethane bonded to the substrate layer. A leather, preferably a sanded grain leather, a textile material, preferably a woven fabric or a knitted fabric, a bonded leather material, or a microfiber nonwoven is used as the substrate layer and is bonded to the layer. According to the present teaching, at least one, preferably a single, layer of frothed polyurethane foam is applied to the substrate as the layer.