A process for fibrillating a fibrous pulp, and products made using the same. The process comprises providing a fibrous pulp of liquid and staple fibers having a first liquid to fibers ratio of less than or equal to 6:1, applying stress to the pulp to fibrillate the staple fibers; and, during said applying stress, drying the pulp to a second liquid to staple fibers ratio of less than or equal to 0.43:1.

A process for fibrillating a fibrous pulp, and products made using the same. The process comprises providing a fibrous pulp of liquid and staple fibers having a first liquid to fibers ratio of less than or equal to 6:1, applying stress to the pulp to fibrillate the staple fibers; and, during said applying stress, drying the pulp to a second liquid to staple fibers ratio of less than or equal to 0.43:1.

A method of making a market pulp can include separating a slurry comprising a plurality of pulp fibers into at least first and second pulp feeds. The first pulp feed can be refined at least by, for each of one or more mechanical refiners, introducing the first pulp feed between two refining elements of the refiner and rotating at least one of the refining elements, each of the refining elements comprising a plurality of bars and a plurality of grooves, where a width of each of the bars is less than or equal to 1.3 mm and a width of each of the grooves is less than or equal to 2.5 mm. The refiner(s) can consume at least 300 kWh per ton of fiber. The refined first pulp feed and second pulp feed, which is not refined, can be combined to produce a third pulp feed that can be dried.

A method of making a market pulp can include separating a slurry comprising a plurality of pulp fibers into at least first and second pulp feeds. The first pulp feed can be refined at least by, for each of one or more mechanical refiners, introducing the first pulp feed between two refining elements of the refiner and rotating at least one of the refining elements, each of the refining elements comprising a plurality of bars and a plurality of grooves, where a width of each of the bars is less than or equal to 1.3 mm and a width of each of the grooves is less than or equal to 2.5 mm. The refiner(s) can consume at least 300 kWh per ton of fiber. The refined first pulp feed and second pulp feed, which is not refined, can be combined to produce a third pulp feed that can be dried.

A method of making a paper product can comprise making one or more sheets at least by, for each of the sheet(s), forming a web from one or more furnishes that comprise fibers dispersed in water. The fibers of the furnish(es) can comprise a plurality of first fibers that are hardwood fibers and a plurality of second fibers that include softwood fibers and surface enhanced pulp fibers (SEPF), the SEPF having a length weighted average fiber length of at least 0.20 mm. The method can comprise at least partially dewatering the web to form the sheet. The sheet(s) can be laminated and/or embossed such that a total dry tensile strength of the paper product is less than or equal to 90% of the sum of the total dry tensile strength(s) of the sheet(s).

A method of making a paper product can comprise making one or more sheets at least by, for each of the sheet(s), forming a web from one or more furnishes that comprise fibers dispersed in water. The fibers of the furnish(es) can comprise a plurality of first fibers that are hardwood fibers and a plurality of second fibers that include softwood fibers and surface enhanced pulp fibers (SEPF), the SEPF having a length weighted average fiber length of at least 0.20 mm. The method can comprise at least partially dewatering the web to form the sheet. The sheet(s) can be laminated and/or embossed such that a total dry tensile strength of the paper product is less than or equal to 90% of the sum of the total dry tensile strength(s) of the sheet(s).

A system and method of producing MFC (micro fibrillated cellulose), which system comprises at least one refiner. The refiner comprises a mechanism for refining the stock in at least two refining stages, advantageously at least two refiners for refining the stock in at least two refining stages, and that the refiners comprise a number of refining bars. The refining bars have width of 0.5-2.0 mm, height less than 7 mm and groove width of 0.5-3 mm. The method comprises at least two refining stages, in which the pulp stock is refined in at least one refining stage in consistency of 3-5%, and the method comprises at least one screening stage in at least one screen in consistency of 0.5-5%.

A system and method of producing MFC (micro fibrillated cellulose), which system comprises at least one refiner. The refiner comprises a mechanism for refining the stock in at least two refining stages, advantageously at least two refiners for refining the stock in at least two refining stages, and that the refiners comprise a number of refining bars. The refining bars have width of 0.5-2.0 mm, height less than 7 mm and groove width of 0.5-3 mm. The method comprises at least two refining stages, in which the pulp stock is refined in at least one refining stage in consistency of 3-5%, and the method comprises at least one screening stage in at least one screen in consistency of 0.5-5%.

Disclosed is mechanical and decolorization pretreatment of cotton-containing textiles, such as “trash” feedstock in terms of end-of-life-cotton textiles, that may be used to produce sugar without the use of harsh pretreatments conditions.

Disclosed is mechanical and decolorization pretreatment of cotton-containing textiles, such as “trash” feedstock in terms of end-of-life-cotton textiles, that may be used to produce sugar without the use of harsh pretreatments conditions.