A method for controlling discharges of nitrogen compounds in the production of cellulose carbamate (CCA). Dissolving pulp (DP) or kraft pulp is produced at a pulp mill, and the DP or kraft pulp is activated. The activated pulp is reacted with urea to produce cellulose carbamate whereby ammonia is released. The cellulose carbamate production is integrated into the pulp mill having a flue gas system such that carbon dioxide from the flue gases is reacted with released ammonia to produce urea, which is used in the carbamate production.

The present disclosure provides novel paper sheet mulch products having benefits over prior sheet mulches, which may include brown or recycled fibers, as well as additives, such as opacity, water-resistant, and strength additives, resulting in mulch products with an improved combination of basis weight, stretch, strength, opacity, and/or water-resistance characteristics.

The present disclosure provides novel paper sheet mulch products having benefits over prior sheet mulches, which may include brown or recycled fibers, as well as additives, such as opacity, water-resistant, and strength additives, resulting in mulch products with an improved combination of basis weight, stretch, strength, opacity, and/or water-resistance characteristics.

A water-dispersible composite structure, which comprises one or more layers, and a method of producing the same. At least a part of the layers is formed by a fibrous web or sheet containing 50-90 parts by weight of wood fibers and 10-90 parts by weight of annual or perennial plant fibers and/or 10-50 parts by weight of synthetic short-cut fibers, and 0.1-20% by weight of a binder, calculated from the weight of the fibers, and at least a part of the binder being a water-soluble polymer and another part a water dispersible binder, and the fibrous sheet or web being produced by wet forming. By means of the invention, the fibers of the composite structure can be recovered and recycled by equipment conventionally used in the paper and paperboard industry.

Fabrics comprising regenerated cellulose fibers and a nanoparticle dispersed throughout the fabric are disclosed herein. The regenerated cellulose fibers can be derived from a biomass such as a fibrous cellulose, wood pulp, cotton, paper, bast fiber, bagasse, or a combination thereof. The nanoparticle included in the fabric can be chosen to confer a desirable property, such as a thermal insulating property, to the fabric. Methods of making the fabrics comprising the regenerated cellulose fibers and nanoparticle are also provided. The method can include (a) at least partially dissolving a cellulose substrate in a medium comprising one or more ionic liquids; and dissolving or suspending a nanoparticle in the medium; (b) recovering a solid nanoparticle-modified regenerated cellulose material comprising the cellulose substrate and the nanoparticle; and (c) processing the solid nanoparticle-modified regenerated cellulose material to form the fabric.

Fabrics comprising regenerated cellulose fibers and a nanoparticle dispersed throughout the fabric are disclosed herein. The regenerated cellulose fibers can be derived from a biomass such as a fibrous cellulose, wood pulp, cotton, paper, bast fiber, bagasse, or a combination thereof. The nanoparticle included in the fabric can be chosen to confer a desirable property, such as a thermal insulating property, to the fabric. Methods of making the fabrics comprising the regenerated cellulose fibers and nanoparticle are also provided. The method can include (a) at least partially dissolving a cellulose substrate in a medium comprising one or more ionic liquids; and dissolving or suspending a nanoparticle in the medium; (b) recovering a solid nanoparticle-modified regenerated cellulose material comprising the cellulose substrate and the nanoparticle; and (c) processing the solid nanoparticle-modified regenerated cellulose material to form the fabric.

Disclosed is a method for quantification of water and/or one or more ionic liquid components in an ionic liquid (IL)/water (H2O) mixture. The method includes obtaining one or more Raman spectra for the IL/H2O mixture, and using a quantitative calibration model with the one or more Raman spectra to quantify water and/or one or more ionic liquid components in the IL/H2O mixture.

Wetlaid web, selected from the group consisting of wet-laid non-woven fabrics and paper, comprising a cellulosic fibre material in the form of viscose fibre at an amount of at least 5% w/w, characterized in that the wetlaid web comprises microfibrillated cellulose at an amount of 0.5% w/w to 5% w/w, wherein the microfibrillated cellulose has a particle size distribution (x.sub.10) of 5 μm to 30 μm, and a wet-strength agent.

Wetlaid web, selected from the group consisting of wet-laid non-woven fabrics and paper, comprising a cellulosic fibre material in the form of viscose fibre at an amount of at least 5% w/w, characterized in that the wetlaid web comprises microfibrillated cellulose at an amount of 0.5% w/w to 5% w/w, wherein the microfibrillated cellulose has a particle size distribution (x.sub.10) of 5 μm to 30 μm, and a wet-strength agent.

According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process for the conversion of cellulosic waste material into a recycled cellulose product comprising the steps of cooking the waste material in a cooking liquor to remove lignin from the waste material and provide a delignified pulp, dissolving the delignified pulp in an ionic liquid to provide a spinning dope suitable for dry jet-wet spinning in an ionic liquid solution, and subjecting the spinning dope to a further processing step to provide a recycled cellulose product, said further step selected from the group of spinning cellulose fibers for use in textiles from the solution, extruding a film product for use in packaging, regenerating the dope as a hydrogel and regenerating the dope as an aerogel.