Provided is a space filling material having excellent strength in reinforcing a predetermined space to be filled with the space filling material and/or strength in fixing a material to be fixed therewith. The space filling material (11) includes reinforcing fibers and a thermoplastic resin, wherein the reinforcing fibers form a plurality of intersections at least a part of which are bonded with the thermoplastic resin, and among all of the reinforcing fibers, a proportion in volume of reinforcing fibers each having a bent ratio of 1.004 or higher is 20 vol % or more relative to a total volume of the reinforcing fibers, the bent ratio being defined as a ratio of fiber length/shortest distance between opposite ends of fiber. The space filling material (11) expands to fill a predetermined space (13) when the thermoplastic resin is softened by heating to release bending loads of the reinforcing fibers.

Provided is a space filling material having excellent strength in reinforcing a predetermined space to be filled with the space filling material and/or strength in fixing a material to be fixed therewith. The space filling material (11) includes reinforcing fibers and a thermoplastic resin, wherein the reinforcing fibers form a plurality of intersections at least a part of which are bonded with the thermoplastic resin, and among all of the reinforcing fibers, a proportion in volume of reinforcing fibers each having a bent ratio of 1.004 or higher is 20 vol % or more relative to a total volume of the reinforcing fibers, the bent ratio being defined as a ratio of fiber length/shortest distance between opposite ends of fiber. The space filling material (11) expands to fill a predetermined space (13) when the thermoplastic resin is softened by heating to release bending loads of the reinforcing fibers.

A toner cleaning sheet includes at least one type of fiber selected from among different thermoplastic fibers formed of thermoplastic resin with a melting point of 265° C. or more and at least one type of fiber selected from among different cellulose fibers, wherein at least part of the aforementioned thermoplastic fiber is fusion-bonded to neighboring thermoplastic fiber filaments. The toner cleaning sheet can be produced by a method that includes at least one type of fiber selected from among different thermoplastic fibers formed of thermoplastic resin with a melting point of 265° C. or more and at least one type of fiber selected from among different cellulose fibers, the method including a bonding step in which at least part of the aforementioned thermoplastic fiber is fusion-bonded to neighboring thermoplastic fiber filaments.

A toner cleaning sheet includes at least one type of fiber selected from among different thermoplastic fibers formed of thermoplastic resin with a melting point of 265° C. or more and at least one type of fiber selected from among different cellulose fibers, wherein at least part of the aforementioned thermoplastic fiber is fusion-bonded to neighboring thermoplastic fiber filaments. The toner cleaning sheet can be produced by a method that includes at least one type of fiber selected from among different thermoplastic fibers formed of thermoplastic resin with a melting point of 265° C. or more and at least one type of fiber selected from among different cellulose fibers, the method including a bonding step in which at least part of the aforementioned thermoplastic fiber is fusion-bonded to neighboring thermoplastic fiber filaments.

A material comprising a fine fiber pulp is provided. The fine fiber pulp has a plurality of fine fibers have an average diameter of less than 1 micron and an average length of less than 1 millimeter. In embodiments, the fine fibers formed of a polymer. The material can be created according to a method in which the fine fiber strands are formed from a polymer melt or a polymer solution, the fine fiber strands are cooled to a temperature of less than −25° C. to increase brittleness of the fine fibers, and the fine fiber strands are granulated into the fine fiber pulp.

A material comprising a fine fiber pulp is provided. The fine fiber pulp has a plurality of fine fibers have an average diameter of less than 1 micron and an average length of less than 1 millimeter. In embodiments, the fine fibers formed of a polymer. The material can be created according to a method in which the fine fiber strands are formed from a polymer melt or a polymer solution, the fine fiber strands are cooled to a temperature of less than −25° C. to increase brittleness of the fine fibers, and the fine fiber strands are granulated into the fine fiber pulp.

In order to provide a copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide fiber that is thin, has a low heat shrinkage rate, and is suitable for a use as a paper-making binder having excellent weldability, a copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide fiber is characterized by containing a copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide that has a p-phenylene sulfide unit as a main component and contains 3 mol % or more and 40 mol % or less of a m-phenylene sulfide unit in a repeating unit, and having a degree of crystallization of 10.0% or more and 30.0% or less, an average fiber diameter of 5 μm or more and 25 μm or less, and further a shrinkage rate in 98° C. hot water of 25.0% or less.

A method for manufacturing a cellulosic paper material (150) is described. The method comprises: i) providing (105) used textiles as starting material (101), wherein the used textiles comprise cellulose and non-cellulosic foreign matters (in particular synthetic plastics and/or metal oxides), ii) at least partially depleting (120) the non-cellulosic foreign matters from the cellulose, to provide a depleted starting material (110), and iii) forming (170) the cellulosic paper material (150) from the depleted starting material (110). Furthermore, a cellulosic paper material (150) made of recycled used textiles and a use of used textiles for providing a cellulosic paper material (150) are described.

A method for manufacturing a cellulosic paper material (150) is described. The method comprises: i) providing (105) used textiles as starting material (101), wherein the used textiles comprise cellulose and non-cellulosic foreign matters (in particular synthetic plastics and/or metal oxides), ii) at least partially depleting (120) the non-cellulosic foreign matters from the cellulose, to provide a depleted starting material (110), and iii) forming (170) the cellulosic paper material (150) from the depleted starting material (110). Furthermore, a cellulosic paper material (150) made of recycled used textiles and a use of used textiles for providing a cellulosic paper material (150) are described.

Fibrids comprising poly alpha-1,3-glucan or surface-modified poly alpha-1,3-glucan were produced and characterized. Applications and products for using these fibrids were also developed, such as in emulsification, viscosity modification, and paper. Examples of surface-modified poly alpha-1,3-glucan fibrids include those with a positive surface charge.