The present invention relates to a multilayered cellulose-based substrate, comprising a cellulose-based first layer, and a cellulose-based second layer in contact with said first layer, wherein said substrate has a basis weight above 85 g/m.sup.2, wherein said first layer comprises an internal sizing agent, and wherein said second layer has been subjected to grafting with a fatty acid halide through the entire thickness of said second layer. The invention further relates to a method for manufacturing the multilayered cellulose-based substrate.

The present invention relates to a multilayered cellulose-based substrate, comprising a cellulose-based first layer, and a cellulose-based second layer in contact with said first layer, wherein said substrate has a basis weight above 85 g/m.sup.2, wherein said first layer comprises an internal sizing agent, and wherein said second layer has been subjected to grafting with a fatty acid halide through the entire thickness of said second layer. The invention further relates to a method for manufacturing the multilayered cellulose-based substrate.

The present invention relates to the fields of fibers and uses thereof such as for producing fiber webs, such as paper, board or tissue. Specifically, the invention relates to a method of monitoring and controlling cellulolytic activity in an aqueous cellulose fiber suspension or process water for a production method of a fibrous web containing cellulose fibers. Also, the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a fibrous web, such as a paper, board, tissue or the like, and use of a biocide for controlling cellulolytic activity in an aqueous cellulose fiber suspension or in process water e.g. for a production method of a fibrous web containing cellulose fibers. Still, the present invention relates to a fibrous web, such as a paper, board, tissue or the like, an aqueous cellulose fiber suspension or process water for a production method of a fibrous web containing cellulose fibers, and a system for controlling cellulolytic activity in an aqueous fiber suspension or in process water.

The present invention relates to the fields of fibers and uses thereof such as for producing fiber webs, such as paper, board or tissue. Specifically, the invention relates to a method of monitoring and controlling cellulolytic activity in an aqueous cellulose fiber suspension or process water for a production method of a fibrous web containing cellulose fibers. Also, the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a fibrous web, such as a paper, board, tissue or the like, and use of a biocide for controlling cellulolytic activity in an aqueous cellulose fiber suspension or in process water e.g. for a production method of a fibrous web containing cellulose fibers. Still, the present invention relates to a fibrous web, such as a paper, board, tissue or the like, an aqueous cellulose fiber suspension or process water for a production method of a fibrous web containing cellulose fibers, and a system for controlling cellulolytic activity in an aqueous fiber suspension or in process water.

A method for manufacturing a fibrous web, such as web of paper, board, tissue or the like is disclosed. The method includes obtaining at least one fibre suspension of lignocellulosic and/or cellulosic fibres and feeding the fibre suspension into an intermediate residence entity. The fibre suspension including bacterial endospores, is discharged out of the intermediate residence entity via an outlet after a residence time of at least 2 hours in the intermediate residence entity and after a time delay the fibre suspension is formed into a fibrous web. Bacterial endospores are sensitized by adding a germinant surfactant including a primary or secondary ammonium head group and a linear unsubstituted C12-alkyl tail, to the fibre suspension at an addition point located at a lower part of the intermediate residence entity or after the outlet of the intermediate residence entity, but before the formation of the fibrous web.

A method for manufacturing a fibrous web, such as web of paper, board, tissue or the like is disclosed. The method includes obtaining at least one fibre suspension of lignocellulosic and/or cellulosic fibres and feeding the fibre suspension into an intermediate residence entity. The fibre suspension including bacterial endospores, is discharged out of the intermediate residence entity via an outlet after a residence time of at least 2 hours in the intermediate residence entity and after a time delay the fibre suspension is formed into a fibrous web. Bacterial endospores are sensitized by adding a germinant surfactant including a primary or secondary ammonium head group and a linear unsubstituted C12-alkyl tail, to the fibre suspension at an addition point located at a lower part of the intermediate residence entity or after the outlet of the intermediate residence entity, but before the formation of the fibrous web.

Provided herein are coating formulations useful for endowing substrates with hydrophobic, superhydrophobic, and/or oleophobic properties and methods of use thereof. The coating formulation can include alkylalkoxysilane, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane, nano-SiO.sub.2, a crosslinking additive, and at least one solvent.

A water- and oil-proofing composition which can provide an article with high utility oil resistance is provided. A water- and oil-proofing composition comprising a fluorinated polymer comprising units based on the following monomer (a) and units based on the following monomer (b), a fatty acid ester of polyglycerin and an aqueous medium: Monomer (a): a compound represented by CH.sub.2═CH—R.sup.f (wherein R.sup.f is a C.sub.1-8 perfluoroalkyl group). Monomer (b): a monomer copolymerizable with the monomer (a).

A photochemical method for chemical modification of a hydrophilic material to provide the surface of the material with hydrophobic properties. The method comprises functionalizing the surface to provide an amine group thereon, and then functionalizing the surface photo-catalytically to provide perfluoroalkanamide thereon. Alternatively, the method comprises reacting a silane moiety functional group on the surface of the material with a perfluoroalkylhalide in the presence of a photo-catalyst and light.

A system comprising a pulper configured to (i) accept surfactant, a liquid and fiber stock and (ii) generate a foam that suspends the fiber stock, wherein the foam has a half-life; a headbox configured to receive the foam-suspended fiber stock from the pulper and displace the foam-suspended fiber stock onto a forming wire, wherein a time it takes the foam-suspended fiber stock to move from the pulper to the headbox is less than the half-life; and a foam return device that removes at least some of the foam from the forming wire and returns the at least some of the foam to the pulper.