A method for forming a resultant material. The method can include obtaining a base material including a fibrous material with a plurality of fiber portions extending from a face of the base material. The method further can include treating at least the face of the base material, the treating at least the face including applying heat along at least a portion of the face with a treatment unit to at least partially remove the plurality of fiber portions extending from the face.

Provided is a porous electrode substrate capable of reducing a drop in electromotive force when used in a battery. This porous electrode substrate comprises a carbon fiber sheet wherein carbon fibers are bound by a binder. For dust of 0.3 μm or more in particle size, the dust generation amount per 1 m.sup.2 of the porous electrode substrate is 120,000/m.sup.2 or less, as determined by the following method: dust particles in a gas obtained by suctioning at 47.2 mL/s for 40 minutes using a dust collecting hood having an opening of 500 mm×100 mm while traveling the sheet at a speed of 10 m/min from a position 200 mm below the sheet are used; the number of dust particles having a diameter within a predetermined range is measured by a particle counter; and the measured value is divided by 200 m.sup.2, which is a suction area, and the resulting value is defined as a dust generation amount per 1 m.sup.2.

Provided is a porous electrode substrate capable of reducing a drop in electromotive force when used in a battery. This porous electrode substrate comprises a carbon fiber sheet wherein carbon fibers are bound by a binder. For dust of 0.3 μm or more in particle size, the dust generation amount per 1 m.sup.2 of the porous electrode substrate is 120,000/m.sup.2 or less, as determined by the following method: dust particles in a gas obtained by suctioning at 47.2 mL/s for 40 minutes using a dust collecting hood having an opening of 500 mm×100 mm while traveling the sheet at a speed of 10 m/min from a position 200 mm below the sheet are used; the number of dust particles having a diameter within a predetermined range is measured by a particle counter; and the measured value is divided by 200 m.sup.2, which is a suction area, and the resulting value is defined as a dust generation amount per 1 m.sup.2.

Method of manufacturing an active moisture control material, wherein the material is formed from a base board comprising cellulose fibers and having a basis weight in the range of from 50 to 500 g/m2 and having a bulk of at least 1.2 cm3/g, wherein the method comprises a surface treatment of at least one side of said base board with a surface treatment composition comprising carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and a metal salt, wherein said surface treatment composition comprises carboxymethyl cellulose in a range of from 2 to 10 weight-% based on the total solid content of said surface treatment composition, and the metal salt in a range of from 10 to 30 weight-% based on the total solid content of said composition.

Total heat exchange element paper having excellent moisture resistance and gas barrier properties, comprising a substrate sheet and a moisture absorbent and colloidal silica both of which are adhered to the substrate sheet, wherein the substrate sheet contains natural pulp which has been beaten to a freeness specified in JIS P 8121-1:2012 of not lower than 80° SR and the colloidal silica is cationic colloidal silica.

Total heat exchange element paper having excellent moisture resistance and gas barrier properties, comprising a substrate sheet and a moisture absorbent and colloidal silica both of which are adhered to the substrate sheet, wherein the substrate sheet contains natural pulp which has been beaten to a freeness specified in JIS P 8121-1:2012 of not lower than 80° SR and the colloidal silica is cationic colloidal silica.

A water-dispersible sheet is described that maintains water dispersibility while providing suppressed time degradation of the tacky adhesiveness of a tacky adhesive layer. The water-dispersible sheet has a paper substrate with a multilayer structure. One layer of the multilayer structure is an inner layer that is not in contact with the tacky adhesive layer. Another layer is a surface layer that is in contact with the tacky adhesive layer. The layers independently include mixed pulps of a wood pulp and a refined pulp with an α-cellulose content of 88 % by weight or more. The weight ratio of the layers and the beating degree of the mixed pulps are set in the specific ranges.

A water-dispersible sheet is described that maintains water dispersibility while providing suppressed time degradation of the tacky adhesiveness of a tacky adhesive layer. The water-dispersible sheet has a paper substrate with a multilayer structure. One layer of the multilayer structure is an inner layer that is not in contact with the tacky adhesive layer. Another layer is a surface layer that is in contact with the tacky adhesive layer. The layers independently include mixed pulps of a wood pulp and a refined pulp with an α-cellulose content of 88 % by weight or more. The weight ratio of the layers and the beating degree of the mixed pulps are set in the specific ranges.

Provided is a textile printing paper for use in a paper printing method, the textile printing paper being excellent in color development on a printing substrate, transferred unevenness suppressing property and strike-through resistance while satisfying the requirements for adhesiveness of a printed paper to a printing substrate. The textile printing paper comprises a base paper and a glue layer on a surface of the base paper, the base paper having a sizing degree of 10 g/m.sup.2 to 40 g/m.sup.2 as measured according to JIS P 8140:1998.

Provided is a printing coated paper which is advantageous not only in that the coated paper has offset printability and causes no mottling in the printed area even in ink jet printing, but also in that the coated paper exhibits excellent rubbing resistance with respect to the printed area and excellent print density of a dye ink. The task of the present invention is achieved by a printing coated paper having a coating layer comprised mainly of a pigment and a binder formed on at least one side of a base paper, wherein the base paper is a treated base paper which has been subjected to size press using a treatment solution containing at least one member selected from a cationic resin and a water-soluble multivalent cation salt, wherein the total applied amount per each side of the at least one member selected from a cationic resin and a water-soluble multivalent cation salt, in terms of the solids content, is in the range of from 0.1 to 5.0 g/m.sup.2, and wherein the at least one pigment in the coating layer is ground calcium carbonate having an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 0.28 μm, wherein the amount of the ground calcium carbonate having an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 0.28 μm contained in the coating layer is in the range of 60 parts by mass or more, relative to 100 parts by mass of the total of the pigment(s) in the coating layer.