A deicing and snow melting device, for lowering the melting point of ice and snow, comprises of a plurality of pellets including an active ingredient. Each pellet of the plurality of pellets has at least an underside and a topside. The active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of chloride salts, organic compounds, alcohols or mixtures thereof. A base comprising a water-soluble sheet is joined to either one of the underside or topside of each pellet of the plurality of pellets. The base may define at least one hole through a top surface and bottom surface of the base allowing for easy dispersion of the active ingredient.

A manufacturing method of a 3D stereoeffect sign includes designing a figure or a character having specific information, giving a volume to the figure or the character by providing one or more vanishing points, setting a projection height of the figure or the character having the volume which is projected to the eyes of a viewer which is located at a reference distance, setting a printed length of the figure or the character having the volume to correspond to the projection height, setting a printed width of the figure or the character having the volume, and adjusting the length and the width of the figure or the character having the volume proportionally to correspond to the printed length and the printed width.

A manufacturing method of a 3D stereoeffect sign includes designing a figure or a character having specific information, giving a volume to the figure or the character by providing one or more vanishing points, setting a projection height of the figure or the character having the volume which is projected to the eyes of a viewer which is located at a reference distance, setting a printed length of the figure or the character having the volume to correspond to the projection height, setting a printed width of the figure or the character having the volume, and adjusting the length and the width of the figure or the character having the volume proportionally to correspond to the printed length and the printed width.

A deicing cassette for connection to a substrate is provided. The deicing cassette includes a panel having a top, an underside, and a plurality of edges, the top of the panel configured as a walking surface. The deicing cassette further includes a heating system secured in thermal contact with the underside of the panel. Additionally, the deicing cassette includes a polymeric support system fastened to at least one edge of the panel and configured to support the panel and provide the panel at least one of thermal insulation or galvanic insulation from the substrate.

A modular system for streets formed of a top module, a bottom module, an internal cavity formed within the bottom module, cables positioned within said bottom module, a computing device, sensors operatively associated with said computing device, and communications hardware configured to communicate information from said sensors to a second computing device positioned exterior to said modular system.

A coating applicator vehicle is configured to selectively discharge a flow of liquid emulsion and aggregate onto a roadway. The vehicle includes a rolling chassis and a powered spraying assembly supported by the chassis. The spraying assembly includes a spray bar assembly including a shiftable spray boom and a plurality of spray nozzles.

A coating applicator vehicle is configured to selectively discharge a flow of liquid emulsion and aggregate onto a roadway. The vehicle includes a rolling chassis and a powered spraying assembly supported by the chassis. The spraying assembly includes a spray bar assembly including a shiftable spray boom and a plurality of spray nozzles.

With respect to the overall cold asphalt pavement material, ≧1.0 wt. % of gypsum hemi-hydrate is added to a cold asphalt pavement material to improve the stability and workability of cold asphalt pavement materials.

With respect to the overall cold asphalt pavement material, ≧1.0 wt. % of gypsum hemi-hydrate is added to a cold asphalt pavement material to improve the stability and workability of cold asphalt pavement materials.

A self-heating surface, system and method for use in a transportation network are described. The heated surface does not require electricity to generate heat as a heating source. The self-heating surface preferably forms one or more portions or sections of a transportation network, including pedestrian walkways, roads, railways, or airport runways. The self-heating surface comprises an inner heating member which is fully encapsulated by an outer shell material. The self-heating surface is designed to prevent or minimize accumulation of snow or ice upon the surface by providing a heated surface capable of melting any snow or ice falling on, resting on, or forming thereupon.