There is disclosed a paving member comprising: a body having a base configured to be supported on a ground surface and a surface configured to support traffic thereon, the body comprising a combination of aggregate and cement mixed at a ratio of 5:1 such that the body is permeable to water to facilitate collection of water therein and delivery of said water to said ground surface.

A support layer for supporting an artificial turf assembly. The support layer being formed of a polymeric foam, preferably having a density of between 20 and 70 grams per liter, such as a polyolefin foam; and having an upper side and a lower side, wherein in use the support layer has been placed with the lower side thereof on a base surface and supports, on the upper side thereof, the artificial turf assembly, the support layer including a plurality of through drainage holes extending from the upper side to the lower side for allowing liquid such as rain water to flow via the plurality of drainage holes from the upper side to the lower side, and also including a plurality of channels at the lower side for allowing liquid such as rain water to flow through the channels along the lower side, wherein each of said plurality of drainage holes debouches into one of the plurality of channels. The support layer is further included in an artificial turf system, that includes an artificial turf assembly with the support layer supported on a base surface such as a layer of sand, wherein the support layer forms, at the upper sides thereof, a closed support surface supporting the artificial turf assembly.

Various embodiments for a pad that may be combined with other similar pads to form a padding layer of an athletic field, or other surface, are disclosed. The pad includes a top surface and a bottom surface. Bottom-side projections are positioned on the bottom surface of the pad. Water channels are positioned on the bottom surface of the pad defined as a recessed area between individual ones of the bottom-side projections. A drainage hole is positioned in at least one of the bottom-side projections such that the drainage hole does not connect with any of the water channels on the bottom surface. The drainage hole may be at least partially coupled to projection channels on the bottom-side projections, where the projection channels act as a water vacuum to facilitate air circulation and vertical water evacuation relative to the drainage hole.

A support layer for supporting an artificial turf assembly. The support layer being formed of a polymeric foam, preferably having a density of between 20 and 70 grams per liter, such as a polyolefin foam; and having an upper side and a lower side, wherein in use the support layer has been placed with the lower side thereof on a base surface and supports, on the upper side thereof, the artificial turf assembly, the support layer including a plurality of through drainage holes extending from the upper side to the lower side for allowing liquid such as rain water to flow via the plurality of drainage holes from the upper side to the lower side, and also including a plurality of channels at the lower side for allowing liquid such as rain water to flow through the channels along the lower side, wherein each of said plurality of drainage holes debouches into one of the plurality of channels. The support layer is further included in an artificial turf system, that includes an artificial turf assembly with the support layer supported on a base surface such as a layer of sand, wherein the support layer forms, at the upper sides thereof, a closed support surface supporting the artificial turf assembly.

Various embodiments for a pad that may be combined with other similar pads to form a padding layer of an athletic field, or other surface, are disclosed. The pad includes a top surface and a bottom surface. Bottom-side projections are positioned on the bottom surface of the pad. Water channels are positioned on the bottom surface of the pad defined as a recessed area between individual ones of the bottom-side projections. A drainage hole is positioned in at least one of the bottom-side projections such that the drainage hole does not connect with any of the water channels on the bottom surface.

Reversible floor mats having two layers bonded together at an undulating surface are described. Each layer has a generally non-constant across over its width and length. The combined thickness of the two layers is generally constant over its width and length. The layers have different colors and/or different surface textures to provide different working surfaces.

A method for treating a plastic block comprising using heat to embed a UV resistant material into an outer face of the plastic block wherein, once embedded, the UV resistant material provides a coating on the outer face. A method for treating a plastic block comprising using compressive force to embed a UV resistant material into an outer face of the plastic block wherein, once embedded, the UV resistant material provides a coating on the outer face.

A support layer for supporting an artificial turf assembly. The support layer being formed of a polymeric foam, preferably having a density of between 20 and 70 grams per liter, such as a polyolefin foam; and having an upper side and a lower side, wherein in use the support layer has been placed with the lower side thereof on a base surface and supports, on the upper side thereof, the artificial turf assembly, the support layer including a plurality of through drainage holes extending from the upper side to the lower side for allowing liquid such as rain water to flow via the plurality of drainage holes from the upper side to the lower side, and also including a plurality of channels at the lower side for allowing liquid such as rain water to flow through the channels along the lower side, wherein each of said plurality of drainage holes debouches into one of the plurality of channels. The support layer is further included in an artificial turf system, that includes an artificial turf assembly with the support layer supported on a base surface such as a layer of sand, wherein the support layer forms, at the upper sides thereof, a closed support surface supporting the artificial turf assembly.

An impact-absorbing assembly includes a covering layer being one or more of artificial turf, rubber mats, polymer mats, short pile carpeting, particulate infill, wood chips, and ground rubber chips. Also included is a layer of underlayment panels positioned beneath the covering layer. The panels have a panel section with a plurality of drain holes formed therethrough. A top surface of the panels is configured to support the covering layer. A bottom surface of the panels has a plurality of bottom projections that cooperate to define bottom channels suitable to permit water flow across the bottom surface, the bottom channels being in fluid communication with the panel drain holes. The bottom projections define a first spring rate characteristic that is part of a first stage and a second spring rate characteristic is part of a second stage, the first stage having a smaller volume of material than the second stage.

A flooring element suitable for connection to other elements in a flooring system. The flooring element comprises a body, a female connector and a retainer. The body defines a connector surface that is horizontal when in use. The female connector comprises a connector recess which is suitable for receiving a male connector and also which defines a connector opening in the connector surface. The retainer is connectable to the body such that, while it is connected to the body, the retainer is movable between and open position and a closed position. When in the closed position, the retainer is arranged to restrict movement of the male connector to guard against the male connector exiting the connector recess through the connector opening. When in the open position, the retainer does not restrict movement of the male connector thereby permitting the male connector to exit the connector recess through the connector opening.