Various embodiments for a shock pad that may be combined with other similar shock pads to form an elastic sub-layer of an athletic field, or other surface, are disclosed. An artificial turf system may include a synthetic surface and an elastic sub-layer disposed between the synthetic surface and a ground surface. The elastic sub-layer may include a plurality of shock pads configured to retain the synthetic surface and absorb shock. Individual ones of the shock pads may include a top surface connected with the synthetic surface, and a bottom surface facing the ground surface, where a geofabric is affixed to the bottom surface of the individual ones of the pads.

An impact-absorbing assembly includes a covering layer being one or more of artificial turf, rubber mats, polymer mats, short pile carpeting, particulate infill, wood chips, and ground rubber chips. Also included is a layer of underlayment panels positioned beneath the covering layer. The panels have a panel section with a plurality of drain holes formed therethrough. A top surface of the panels is configured to support the covering layer. A bottom surface of the panels has a plurality of bottom projections that cooperate to define bottom channels suitable to permit water flow across the bottom surface, the bottom channels being in fluid communication with the panel drain holes. The bottom projections define a first spring rate characteristic that is part of a first stage and a second spring rate characteristic is part of a second stage, the first stage having a smaller volume of material than the second stage.

An impact-absorbing assembly includes a covering layer being one or more of artificial turf, rubber mats, polymer mats, short pile carpeting, particulate infill, wood chips, and ground rubber chips. Also included is a layer of underlayment panels positioned beneath the covering layer. The panels have a panel section with a plurality of drain holes formed therethrough. A top surface of the panels is configured to support the covering layer. A bottom surface of the panels has a plurality of bottom projections that cooperate to define bottom channels suitable to permit water flow across the bottom surface, the bottom channels being in fluid communication with the panel drain holes. The bottom projections define a first spring rate characteristic that is part of a first stage and a second spring rate characteristic is part of a second stage, the first stage having a smaller volume of material than the second stage.

The present invention provides a vehicle traction device which may be conveniently attached and applied to roadways that are subject to accumulations of ice, snow, and other wintry precipitation. The vehicle traction device provides a center strip which deters unintended horizontal motion of vehicles as well as skidding, sliding, spinning, and the general loss of traction. The center strip can include a collapsible support system which will allow the center strip to collapse to low height to permit the passage of road clearing equipment or other low clearance vehicles. In addition, the vehicle traction device provides angled strips which deter unintended sliding motion forward or reverse relative to the normal flow of traffic, especially when vehicles are ascending or descending along steeply sloping roadways. Finally, the vehicle traction device further provides bristle strips which help to dislodge ice and other accumulations on vehicle tires which may interfere with vehicle traction.

An impact-absorbing assembly includes a covering layer being one or more of artificial turf, rubber mats, polymer mats, short pile carpeting, particulate infill, wood chips, and ground rubber chips. Also included is a layer of underlayment panels positioned beneath the covering layer. The panels have a panel section with a plurality of drain holes formed therethrough. A top surface of the panels is configured to support the covering layer. A bottom surface of the panels has a plurality of bottom projections that cooperate to define bottom channels suitable to permit water flow across the bottom surface, the bottom channels being in fluid communication with the panel drain holes. The bottom projections define a first spring rate characteristic that is part of a first stage and a second spring rate characteristic is part of a second stage, the first stage having a smaller volume of material than the second stage.

An impact-absorbing assembly includes a covering layer being one or more of artificial turf, rubber mats, polymer mats, short pile carpeting, particulate infill, wood chips, and ground rubber chips. Also included is a layer of underlayment panels positioned beneath the covering layer. The panels have a panel section with a plurality of drain holes formed therethrough. A top surface of the panels is configured to support the covering layer. A bottom surface of the panels has a plurality of bottom projections that cooperate to define bottom channels suitable to permit water flow across the bottom surface, the bottom channels being in fluid communication with the panel drain holes. The bottom projections define a first spring rate characteristic that is part of a first stage and a second spring rate characteristic is part of a second stage, the first stage having a smaller volume of material than the second stage.

A lightweight universal panel mat made of plastic or elastomeric material and having a first section that provides a relatively flat, textured or structured top surface to facilitate movement over the mat and a second section having geometry that includes a plurality of cells having top surfaces that support the first section. The panel mats have first, second, third and fourth sides that are configured to matingly engage or connect to the second, third, fourth and first sides, respectively. The connection can be by insertion or snap-locking of one side to another, or by the use of fastening elements that more securely holds the sides together. Thus, similarly configured panel mats can be connected by interlocking to form a temporary support surface, deck, walkway or roadway. Additional side ramps and adapters can be used to facilitate installation of the mats and access to the upper surfaces of the joined mats.

A lightweight universal panel mat made of plastic or elastomeric material and having a first section that provides a relatively flat, textured or structured top surface to facilitate movement over the mat and a second section having geometry that includes a plurality of cells having top surfaces that support the first section. The panel mats have first, second, third and fourth sides that are configured to matingly engage or connect to the second, third, fourth and first sides, respectively. The connection can be by insertion or snap-locking of one side to another, or by the use of fastening elements that more securely holds the sides together. Thus, similarly configured panel mats can be connected by interlocking to form a temporary support surface, deck, walkway or roadway. Additional side ramps and adapters can be used to facilitate installation of the mats and access to the upper surfaces of the joined mats.

A dynamic paver device with vibration feedback is provided. In some embodiments, a paver device comprises: a paver having a top surface and a bottom surface; a paver frame that creates an interior cavity upon being connected with the paver; at least one pressure sensor connected to the paver, wherein the at least one pressure sensor detects a change in an amount of pressure applied to the top surface of the paver; a vibration system connected to the bottom surface of the paver, wherein the vibration system is configured to provide a vibrational force to the bottom surface of the paver; and a controller connected to the at least one pressure sensor and the vibration system, wherein the controller is configured to: receive, from the at least one pressure sensor, a presence indication of an object on the top surface of the paver based on the detected change in the amount of pressure being applied to the top surface of the paver at a first time; and, in response to receiving the presence indication from the at least one pressure sensor, transmit a first signal to the vibration system that causes the vibration system to provide the vibrational force to the bottom surface of the paver.

A dynamic paver device with vibration feedback is provided. In some embodiments, a paver device comprises: a paver having a top surface and a bottom surface; a paver frame that creates an interior cavity upon being connected with the paver; at least one pressure sensor connected to the paver, wherein the at least one pressure sensor detects a change in an amount of pressure applied to the top surface of the paver; a vibration system connected to the bottom surface of the paver, wherein the vibration system is configured to provide a vibrational force to the bottom surface of the paver; and a controller connected to the at least one pressure sensor and the vibration system, wherein the controller is configured to: receive, from the at least one pressure sensor, a presence indication of an object on the top surface of the paver based on the detected change in the amount of pressure being applied to the top surface of the paver at a first time; and, in response to receiving the presence indication from the at least one pressure sensor, transmit a first signal to the vibration system that causes the vibration system to provide the vibrational force to the bottom surface of the paver.