Disclosed is a non-powered seawater pumping apparatus for reducing seawater intrusion in a land in which an aquifer with a seawater-fresh water boundary surface is formed. The seawater pumping apparatus includes a pumping pipe having two open end portions, a first end portion of the open end portions being positioned below a sea level and a second end portion being positioned below the seawater-fresh water boundary surface in the land, and a well disposed to surround a lateral surface of a land-buried portion of the pumping pipe, which is buried in the land, so as to space away the land-buried portion of the pumping pipe from the land. The pumping pipe is filled with seawater, and the well comprises a screen having a plurality of through holes formed along a circumference of the well at a lower end portion of the well.

Disclosed is a non-powered seawater pumping apparatus for reducing seawater intrusion in a land in which an aquifer with a seawater-fresh water boundary surface is formed. The seawater pumping apparatus includes a pumping pipe having two open end portions, a first end portion of the open end portions being positioned below a sea level and a second end portion being positioned below the seawater-fresh water boundary surface in the land, and a well disposed to surround a lateral surface of a land-buried portion of the pumping pipe, which is buried in the land, so as to space away the land-buried portion of the pumping pipe from the land. The pumping pipe is filled with seawater, and the well comprises a screen having a plurality of through holes formed along a circumference of the well at a lower end portion of the well.

A method of designing an optimized seawater pumping apparatus, using a computer in a system in which a seawater pumping apparatus including a pumping pipe and a well disposed to surround a lateral surface of a land-buried portion of the pumping pipe is installed to reduce seawater intrusion in a land in which an aquifer with a seawater-fresh water boundary surface is formed, includes applying an optimization algorithm to initial condition data of the aquifer to generate n decision variable sets of the seawater pumping apparatus, applying an underground water flow model to each of the n decision variable sets to generate n prediction results of change in the seawater-fresh water boundary surface, calculating a performance evaluation value of each of the n prediction results, and selecting a decision variable set having a maximum performance evaluation value, where n is an integer and equal to or greater than 2.

Disclosed is a non-powered seawater pumping apparatus for reducing seawater intrusion in a land in which an aquifer with a seawater-fresh water boundary surface is formed, the apparatus including a pumping pipe having opposite open end portions, a first end portion of the opposite open end portions being positioned below a sea level and a second end portion being positioned below a seawater-fresh water boundary surface in the land, and a well disposed to surround a lateral surface of a land-buried portion of the pumping pipe, which is buried in the land, so as to space away the land-buried portion of the pipe from the land, wherein seawater is filled in the pumping pipe, and the well includes a screen having a plurality of through holes formed along a circumference of the well at a lower end portion of the well.

Disclosed is a non-powered seawater pumping apparatus for reducing seawater intrusion in a land in which an aquifer with a seawater-fresh water boundary surface is formed, the apparatus including a pumping pipe having opposite open end portions, a first end portion of the opposite open end portions being positioned below a sea level and a second end portion being positioned below a seawater-fresh water boundary surface in the land, and a well disposed to surround a lateral surface of a land-buried portion of the pumping pipe, which is buried in the land, so as to space away the land-buried portion of the pipe from the land, wherein seawater is filled in the pumping pipe, and the well includes a screen having a plurality of through holes formed along a circumference of the well at a lower end portion of the well.

A method of designing an optimized seawater pumping apparatus, using a computer in a system in which a seawater pumping apparatus including a pumping pipe and a well disposed to surround a lateral surface of a land-buried portion of the pumping pipe is installed to reduce seawater intrusion in a land in which an aquifer with a seawater-fresh water boundary surface is formed, includes applying an optimization algorithm to initial condition data of the aquifer to generate n decision variable sets of the seawater pumping apparatus, applying an underground water flow model to each of the n decision variable sets to generate n prediction results of change in the seawater-fresh water boundary surface, calculating a performance evaluation value of each of the n prediction results, and selecting a decision variable set having a maximum performance evaluation value, where n is an integer and equal to or greater than 2.

In a Regenerative Stormwater Conveyance (RSC) system, rather than increase base flow by putting a horizontal layer of clay and silts in the entire streambed, constructing vertical irrigation curtains with clay rich soil to interrupt the groundwater flow at certain intervals will increase surface water base flows and improve habitat and water quality while also improving the interactions between the hyporheic zones and the channel. Also, by initially providing a subsurface flow channel through which water can flow, for example, using a perforated pipe, and building an access road over that channel during construction, erosion in the RSC project area can be significantly reduced or eliminated.

In a Regenerative Stormwater Conveyance (RSC) system, rather than increase base flow by putting a horizontal layer of clay and silts in the entire streambed, constructing vertical irrigation curtains with clay rich soil to interrupt the groundwater flow at certain intervals will increase surface water base flows and improve habitat and water quality while also improving the interactions between the hyporheic zones and the channel. Also, by initially providing a subsurface flow channel through which water can flow, for example, using a perforated pipe, and building an access road over that channel during construction, erosion in the RSC project area can be significantly reduced or eliminated.

A siphon assembly includes an ascent conduit having a conduit inlet, a descent conduit having a conduit outlet, and a flow passage through the ascent conduit and the descent conduit. The flow passage connects the conduit inlet and the conduit outlet via a siphon crest. The siphon assembly also includes a filter arranged to filter a siphonic flow towards the siphon crest.

A siphon assembly includes an ascent conduit having a conduit inlet, a descent conduit having a conduit outlet, and a flow passage through the ascent conduit and the descent conduit. The flow passage connects the conduit inlet and the conduit outlet via a siphon crest. The siphon assembly also includes a filter arranged to filter a siphonic flow towards the siphon crest.