The method for preventing and controlling glacial lake outbreak flood and related debris flows by the present invention is mainly controlling the scale of the floods by separating water and rocks and dispersing its energy step by step. The cascading amplification effects of floods can be reduced by controlling the initiation of source material with energy dissipation by using ground sills, groups of piles, and placed large stones and prefabricated artificial structures. The diversion dam built in the downstream area discharge floods in different layers, which can quickly guide water to the main river. The preconstructed engineering system can be used in a timely manner to prevent and control floods and debris flows induced by a sudden outburst of glacial lakes in areas with important facilities and inhabitants enduring the risk of natural hazards. Prevention and control systems can separate floods and debris flows and dissipate their energy. The groups of ground sills and check dams gradually dissipate the energy of floods, prevent high-energy boulders, and control the initiation of source materials in the channel and bank. Moreover, the systems can also separate the water and rocks in dilute debris flows or debris flows with high bulk densities but low viscosities. The diversion dams also enhance the separation function and keep the flood and debris flow discharge in the lower and upper channel to the main river.

The method for preventing and controlling glacial lake outbreak flood and related debris flows by the present invention is mainly controlling the scale of the floods by separating water and rocks and dispersing its energy step by step. The cascading amplification effects of floods can be reduced by controlling the initiation of source material with energy dissipation by using ground sills, groups of piles, and placed large stones and prefabricated artificial structures. The diversion dam built in the downstream area discharge floods in different layers, which can quickly guide water to the main river. The preconstructed engineering system can be used in a timely manner to prevent and control floods and debris flows induced by a sudden outburst of glacial lakes in areas with important facilities and inhabitants enduring the risk of natural hazards. Prevention and control systems can separate floods and debris flows and dissipate their energy. The groups of ground sills and check dams gradually dissipate the energy of floods, prevent high-energy boulders, and control the initiation of source materials in the channel and bank. Moreover, the systems can also separate the water and rocks in dilute debris flows or debris flows with high bulk densities but low viscosities. The diversion dams also enhance the separation function and keep the flood and debris flow discharge in the lower and upper channel to the main river.

A system for and method of stabilizing rail track structures using a load transfer apparatus is disclosed. The load transfer apparatus includes a vertical load transfer element and a top load transfer element, wherein the top load transfer element is used to transfer applied locomotive and rail car loads to the vertical load transfer element. In one embodiment, the top load transfer element includes helical flights. In another embodiment, the top load transfer element includes a flared top. In yet another embodiment, the top load transfer element includes a load transfer cap. In a further embodiment, the top load transfer element includes two or more support legs each with a top support attached thereto. The railroad stabilization system can comprise any one type or any combinations of types of the aforementioned load transfer apparatuses.

A grout plug assembly for use in forming a pipe pile system defining at least one pile assembly inner surface portion comprises a resiliently deformable plug body defining a plug outer surface, a plug inner surface, a first plug end surface, a second plug end surface. The plug inner surface defines a plug passageway. The plug outer surface is sized and dimensioned to engage the at least one pile assembly inner surface portion of the pipe pile system during formation of the pipe pile system.

A system for and method of stabilizing rail track structures using a load transfer apparatus is disclosed. The load transfer apparatus includes a vertical load transfer element with at least one cross-sectional rib and a top load transfer element with at least one longitudinal vertical fin, wherein the top load transfer element is used to transfer applied locomotive and rail car loads to the vertical load transfer element. In one embodiment, the vertical load transfer element comprises a plurality of cross-sectional ribs spaced along a length of the vertical load transfer element. In another embodiment, the top load transfer element comprises a plurality of longitudinal vertical fins spaced along a perimeter of the top load transfer element to enhance stability of the top load transfer element.

The present invention relates to a building system and a method of making and assembling the building system. In particular, the present invention relates to a footing for a building structure, the footing comprises a plurality of precast concrete layers, each precast concrete layer comprising reinforcement bars and a plurality of apertures. The footing further comprises a base structure comprising a base plate and a plurality of alignment bars protruding from the base plate. The footing is configured such that when the plurality of precast concrete layers are positioned on top of one another, the plurality of alignment bars of the base structure extend through the respective apertures of each precast concrete layer. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a building structure having one or more building modules.

Disclosed is a multiple friction joint pile connection construction system to construct: shallow and deep foundations for structures, tie beam construction between footings, passive piles to prevent slope failures beam on elastic foundation, pile cap and tie beam in the construction of pile groups, load transfer platforms isolated (not connected) from the upper structure, retaining structure when constructed with vertical and horizontal orientation, vertical and horizontal drain when perforated blocks are used, landing pier, quay wall and platform construction for coastal and harbor structures, by anchoring to the upper section of the existing bored piles, by anchoring to the upper sections of the columns of the upper structure, in railroad tie manufacture, in transportation structures and in all kinds of similar geotechnical applications.

A fixation device is described comprising a shaft rotatable about a longitudinal axis with a first cutter at a first, distal end; a guide body on the shaft shaped to taper outwardly towards the first end of the shaft; an elongate sleeve disposed surroundingly about the shaft to be rotatable separately from the shaft and translatable in a longitudinal direction relative to the shaft; a flareable end formation at a first, distal end of the elongate sleeve comprising one or more second cutters; the guide body and flareable end formation being arranged so that urging the sleeve towards the first end over the guide body flares the end formation outward from the shaft; and a tensioning mechanism associated with a second end of the sleeve operable selectively to urge the shaft relative to the sleeve back towards the second end. A method of installing a fixation device into a substrate is also described, for example to serve as an anchor and pile, for example for a submerged or floating object.

A fixation device is described comprising a shaft rotatable about a longitudinal axis with a first cutter at a first, distal end; a guide body on the shaft shaped to taper outwardly towards the first end of the shaft; an elongate sleeve disposed surroundingly about the shaft to be rotatable separately from the shaft and translatable in a longitudinal direction relative to the shaft; a flareable end formation at a first, distal end of the elongate sleeve comprising one or more second cutters; the guide body and flareable end formation being arranged so that urging the sleeve towards the first end over the guide body flares the end formation outward from the shaft; and a tensioning mechanism associated with a second end of the sleeve operable selectively to urge the shaft relative to the sleeve back towards the second end. A method of installing a fixation device into a substrate is also described, for example to serve as an anchor and pile, for example for a submerged or floating object.

A marine structure including a floating deck attached to a damper configured to control the vertical movement of the deck. The damper allows vertical motion of the floating deck in response to gradual changes in water level such as tidal changes, but resists bouncing of the deck in response to shorter term fluctuations in water level such as boat wakes or wind chop.