A residential or commercial building, structure, or building component can include an exterior member, interior member, and plurality of cross-members spatially disposed therebetween. Each of the exterior member, interior member, cross-members can be formed from a multi-layered stack of polymeric material made by a layered three-dimensional printing process, and all can be monolithically integrated. An exterior surface region of the exterior member can have an integrally formed surface finish. Overlying finishing or connective layers can be added. The exterior and interior members can be configured in a parallel arrangement to form a rectangular or curve shaped building block. A fill material can be disposed into openings between the exterior and interior members, and an interior surface region at the interior member can include a cavity configured for an electrical box, plumbing, or a sensing device.

The invention is about a modular foldable brick that enables architectural elements such as stacked walls, arches, corners, doors, windows and wall niches to be constructed at indoor and outdoor conditions that divides, restricts and secures a certain space; Due to the possibility of folding the storing and carrying of this brick is possible at a minimum weight. The brick is connectable within itself and also attachable to others for constructing architectural elements as wall building systems. The foldable brick provides a foldable brick body that forms the outer walls and an inner wall being formed with three techniques; connecting/fixing (A-B groups)/encircling (C group). All three techniques are related to the forming of the detachable wall building system's entity unit foldable and sustainable brick. All these three techniques are used simultaneously.

Disclosed herein is a non-permanent habitable structure that includes a first wall at least partially covered by a first plurality of self-interlocking reclosable fasteners, each self-interlocking reclosable fastener having a flexible stem extending to a round head. Further included is a second wall at least partially covered by a second plurality of the self-interlocking reclosable fasteners. The second wall is detachably connected to the first wall by interconnecting at least a portion of the first plurality of the self-interlocking reclosable fasteners and the second plurality of the self-interlocking reclosable fasteners. A roof is detachably connected to each of the first wall and the second wall. A method of erecting a non-permanent structure is further disclosed.

A modular wall block is adapted for being assembled together with a number of other blocks in stacked courses to form a retaining wall. First and second spaced apart formations are located at a rear of the block body and define therebetween a vertical fastener channel. The vertical fastener channel is adapted for receiving a complementary shaped formation of a rearwardly placed embedment block.

A new civil infrastructure construction scheme is provided that is capable of meeting various objectives, including reducing climate change, addressing labor shortage issues, and enhancing construction productivity. Methods of forming load-bearing structures include placing a first reusable load-bearing element adjacent to a second reusable load-bearing element. The first reusable load-bearing element is fixed with respect to the second reusable load-bearing element without any adhesive or mortar. The first reusable load-bearing element and the second reusable load-bearing element respectively have a compressive strength of greater than or equal to about 25 MPa. The first and second reusable load-bearing elements optionally may be formed by additive manufacturing with a printable cementitious composition, such as an engineered cementitious composite.

A residential or commercial building, structure, or building component can include an exterior member, interior member, and plurality of cross-members spatially disposed therebetween. Each of the exterior member, interior member, cross-members can be formed from a multi-layered stack of polymeric material made by a layered three-dimensional printing process, and all can be monolithically integrated. An exterior surface region of the exterior member can have an integrally formed surface finish. Overlying finishing or connective layers can be added. The exterior and interior members can be configured in a parallel arrangement to form a rectangular or curve shaped building block. A fill material can be disposed into openings between the exterior and interior members, and an interior surface region at the interior member can include a cavity configured for an electrical box, plumbing, or a sensing device.

Devices, structures, and methods for designing, constructing, and fitting modular structural building blocks together into a unified structure. Modular blocks are rapidly fit together into finished assemblies. Finished assemblies include reinforcing elements aligned in a structurally sound pattern. The unified structure includes walls, provisions for corners, and provisions for door/window spaces. The unified structure optionally includes raised floors or lowered ceilings, offset from ordinary associated height, using blocks disposed side-by-side with intermediate supports. The unified structure optionally includes one or more curved structures, such as vaulted ceilings, rounded walls or silos, tunnels, or otherwise.

A residential or commercial building, structure, or building component can include an exterior member, interior member, and plurality of cross-members spatially disposed therebetween. Each of the exterior member, interior member, cross-members can be formed from a multi-layered stack of polymeric material made by a layered three-dimensional printing process, and all can be monolithically integrated. An exterior surface region of the exterior member can have an integrally formed surface finish. Overlying finishing or connective layers can be added. The exterior and interior members can be configured in a parallel arrangement to form a rectangular or curve shaped building block. A fill material can be disposed into openings between the exterior and interior members, and an interior surface region at the interior member can include a cavity configured for an electrical box, plumbing, or a sensing device.

Disclosed is a multiple layer substrate that can be used with a top asphalt applicator that eliminates the need for a bottom asphalt applicator and fines applied to the bottom asphalt layer. A low porosity or impermeable bottom layer prevents the flow of asphalt applied to the porous top layers of the substrate from penetrating the bottom surface. This eliminates the need for fines to prevent sticking of shingles in a shingle stack. In addition, substrate layers that combine fiberglass and polyester fibers in various configurations provide a substrate that can be used in typical shingle manufacturing and manufacturing of waterproofing products that is impact resistant.

The herein application discloses an alternative construction system for buildings, facilities, accessories and products, with architectural elements of easy assembly, manufactured with recycled plastic improved materials, as well as the formulation of the material thereof.