A method is provided for manufacturing a panel that includes a substrate and a top layer provided on the substrate. The top layer may include a decor film and a transparent film. The decor film may be a printed synthetic material film chosen from the group consisting of a vinyl-based film, a polyethylene based film, a polyurethane based film, and a polypropylene film. A print may be situated on an upper side of the printed synthetic material film. The transparent film may be a thermoplastic synthetic material film the material of which is chosen from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyurethane, and polypropylene. The method may involve providing the decor film and the transparent film on the substrate by performing a first press treatment at an increased temperature to form a package of the substrate, the decor film, and the transparent film. The first press treatment may be performed by a calendar device or a continuous press device. A structure may be formed in the thermoplastic synthetic material that forms a surface of the package by performing a second press treatment using a press device with a structured press element at a temperature that is lower than the increased temperature.

The invention relates to a method for laying a modular surface covering system on a surface to the covered and an underlayment element for use in such a method and modular surface covering system. The underlayment element includes a planar base with a raised edge along two interconnected sides of the underlayment element. First coupling elements in the form of recesses are provided along the two sides with the raised edge and second coupling elements in the form of protruding tongues are provided along the other two interconnected sides. The finishing layer elements are clamped between raised edges of coupled underlayment elements. The top surface of a raised edge between finishing layer element provides the grout effect. The underlayment elements enables one to lay a surface covering system with a multitude of pattern, e.g. as grid pattern, brickwork pattern, herringbone pattern, etc.

A floor panel has a rectangular and oblong shape, and includes a substrate and a top layer provided on the substrate and forming a decorative side of the floor panel. The top layer is composed of a print provided on a carrier sheet and a transparent thermoplastic layer situated above the print. The substrate has a thickness from 2 to 10 millimeter and forms at least half of the thickness of the floor panel. The substrate is a polyurethane-based substrate and the transparent thermoplastic layer is polyurethane-based. The floor panel has a length of more than 1.1 meters and has a plurality of reinforcing layers situated outside the center line of the substrate. A reinforcing layer may be provided in combination with the substrate and the top layer.

A floor panel has a rectangular and oblong shape, and includes a substrate and a top layer provided on the substrate and forming a decorative side of the floor panel. The top layer is composed of a print provided on a carrier sheet and a transparent thermoplastic layer situated above the print. The substrate has a thickness from 2 to 10 millimeter and forms at least half of the thickness of the floor panel. The substrate is a polyurethane-based substrate and the transparent thermoplastic layer is polyurethane-based. The floor panel has a length of more than 1.1 meters and has a plurality of reinforcing layers situated outside the center line of the substrate. A reinforcing layer may be provided in combination with the substrate and the top layer.

A floor panel includes a substrate and a top layer provided on the substrate. The top layer is composed of a print and a transparent thermoplastic layer having a thickness of 0.5 mm or less and being situated above said print. The floor panel, at least on two opposite edges, is provided with a straight or curved chamfer extending to below the global level of the print.

Floor tiles, systems and methods of interconnecting floor tiles in which the tile(s) have a base substrate and a laminate layer. The substrate can have upstanding edges on a top surface where the edges define a rim at a perimeter of the substrate for aligning the laminate layer on the top surface of the substrate. The substrate can have connecting means for engaging with connecting means of a substrate of another tile to form an interconnected floor system. By engaging the connecting means of a tile with another tile aligns and positions a side edge of the tile with the side edge of the another file in a side by side arrangement to provide a grout effect for the tiles when they are connected.

A floor panel has a rectangular and oblong shape, and includes a substrate and a top layer provided on the substrate and forming a decorative side of the floor panel. The top layer is composed of a print provided on a carrier sheet and a transparent thermoplastic layer situated above the print. The substrate has a thickness from 2 to 10 millimeter and forms at least half of the thickness of the floor panel. The substrate is a polyurethane-based substrate and the transparent thermoplastic layer is polyurethane-based. The floor panel has a length of more than 1.1 meters and has a plurality of reinforcing layers situated outside the center line of the substrate. A reinforcing layer may be provided in combination with the substrate and the top layer.

The present disclosure has the following configurations. The present disclosure relates to a unit bracket in a square shape, in which outer surfaces of four surfaces of the unit bracket are formed with locking projections configured to insert a metal or plastic panel, and a center portion of the unit bracket is formed with a mesh part to be formed such that the bonding is possible at a vertical tensile strength and a horizontal tensile strength having desired forces even if the unit bracket and a wall or a base material are bonded with an adhesive, in order to bond the unit bracket to the wall or the base material.

A floor tile comprising a base substrate and a laminate layer, wherein the base substrate comprises a top layer with a laminate layer receiver on a top surface thereof and a bottom layer with connecting means for engaging with connecting means of a base substrate of a further tile to form an interconnected flooring system. The top layer of the base substrate extends over connecting means on at least one side of the base substrate, characterized in that the base substrate further comprises waterproofing means for engaging with waterproofing means of a base substrate of at least one further tile to provide a waterproof seal between the tile and at least one further tile.

A floor element for forming a floor covering, wherein the floor element comprises a decorative layer made of a ceramic material; a support layer arranged below the decorative layer; and a reinforcing layer arranged in between the decorative layer and the support layer, wherein the support layer comprises edges provided with coupling elements configured to realize a mechanical coupling with coupling elements of an adjacent floor element.