An improved method and apparatus for dropping a ball, plug or dart during oil and gas well operations (e.g., cementing operations) employs a specially configured tool body assembly having valving members (e.g., safety or kelly values) and valving members holding plugs, balls, or darts to be dropped. In one embodiment, the ball(s), dart(s) or plug(s) are contained in a sliding sleeve that shifts position responsive to valve rotation. An optional indicator indicates to a user or operator that a ball or plug has passed a selected one of the valving members. A transmitter (or transceiver) provides an ability to generate a wireless signal that is received by receivers (or transceivers) on the tool body assembly. Each receiver (or transceiver) controls an electrical actuator that engages a valving member or the indicator. Wireless signals can be used to open or close a valve or to reset a “tripped” indicator.

A casing string is augmented with one or more variable flow resistance devices or “vibrating tools” to facilitate advancement of the casing and distribution of the cement in the annulus once the casing is properly positioned. Vibrating tools in the form of plugs can be pumped down and landed inside the casing string. The method includes vibrating the casing string while advancing the casing down the wellbore or while the cement is pumped into the annulus, or both. After the cementing operation is completed, the devices may be drilled out or retrieved with fishing tools to reopen the casing string for further operations. One or more wipers may be provided on the plugs, but the section housing the flow path may be free of wipers to allow the size and flow capacity of the flow path to be optimized.

A frac plug is provided. The frac plug includes a plug body, a sealing element, and a slip. The plug body includes a first sub and a second sub. The first sub includes a first composite material outer sleeve, and a first metal inner core engaged with and structurally supporting the first composite material outer sleeve. The second sub includes a second composite material outer sleeve, and a second metal inner core engaged with and structurally supporting the second composite material outer sleeve. The sealing element is circumferentially disposed about the first sub and, when actuated, seals an annulus between the frac plug and a tubular section. The slip is disposed between the first sub and the second sub and, when actuated, engages the tubular section.

A sub having an anti-rotation feature for a resource exploration and recovery system includes a tubular having an outer surface and an inner surface defining a flow bore. A sleeve is slideably disposed in the flow bore between a first position and a second position. The sleeve includes an inner surface portion having a taper. A dart including an end portion is disposed in the sleeve. The dart is configured to shift the sleeve between the first position and the second position when exposed to a selected pressure in the flowbore. The end portion includes a tapered section. The tapered section mating with the taper formed in the inner surface to rotatably lock the plug to the inner surface of the sleeve.

A system for optimizing a running operation includes an interface to equipment and sensors for performing the running operation. The interface supplies control signals to the equipment and obtains measurement signals from the sensors. The system further includes a short-term optimizer that derives a current job state based at least in part on the measurement signals, and that further adjusts the control signals to optimize a short-term cost function. The short-term cost function includes a difference between the current job state and a desired job state derived from optimized values of a set of decision variables. The system further includes a long-term optimizer module that determines the optimized values based on a long-term cost function, the long-term cost function accounting for at least a long-term reward and a final state cost.

An improved method and apparatus for dropping a ball, plug or dart during oil and gas well operations (e.g., cementing operations) employs a specially configured tool body assembly having valving members (e.g., safety or kelly values) and valving members holding plugs, balls, or darts to be dropped. In one embodiment, the ball(s), dart(s) or plug(s) are contained in a sliding sleeve that shifts position responsive to valve rotation. An optional indicator indicates to a user or operator that a ball or plug has passed a selected one of the valving members. A transmitter (or transceiver) provides an ability to generate a wireless signal that is received by receivers (or transceivers) on the tool body assembly. Each receiver (or transceiver) controls an electrical actuator that engages a valving member or the indicator. Wireless signals can be used to open or close a valve or to reset a “tripped” indicator.

An improved method and apparatus for dropping a ball, plug or dart during oil and gas well operations (e.g., cementing operations) employs a specially configured tool body assembly having valving members (e.g., safety or kelly values) and valving members holding plugs, balls, or darts to be dropped. In one embodiment, the ball(s), dart(s) or plug(s) are contained in a sliding sleeve that shifts position responsive to valve rotation. An optional indicator indicates to a user or operator that a ball or plug has passed a selected one of the valving members. A transmitter (or transceiver) provides an ability to generate a wireless signal that is received by receivers (or transceivers) on the tool body assembly. Each receiver (or transceiver) controls an electrical actuator that engages a valving member or the indicator. Wireless signals can be used to open or close a valve or to reset a “tripped” indicator.

A plug system includes a locked member of a first plug and a free member of a second plug. The locked member has a first locking end having a first anti-rotation feature. The free member has a second locking end having a second anti-rotation feature. The first anti-rotation feature and the second anti-rotation feature are configured to fit together to resist a rotation between the free member and the locked member to thereby resist rotation of the second plug with respect to the first plug.

A sub having an anti-rotation feature for a resource exploration and recovery system includes a tubular having an outer surface and an inner surface defining a flow bore. A sleeve is slideably disposed in the flow bore between a first position and a second position. The sleeve includes an inner surface portion having a taper. A dart including an end portion is disposed in the sleeve. The dart is configured to shift the sleeve between the first position and the second position when exposed to a selected pressure in the flowbore. The end portion includes a tapered section. The tapered section mating with the taper formed in the inner surface to rotatably lock the plug to the inner surface of the sleeve.

An improved method and apparatus for dropping a ball, plug or dart during oil and gas well operations (e.g., cementing operations) employs a specially configured tool body assembly having valving members (e.g., safety or kelly values) and valving members holding plugs, balls, or darts to be dropped. In one embodiment, the ball(s), dart(s) or plug(s) are contained in a sliding sleeve that shifts position responsive to valve rotation. An optional indicator indicates to a user or operator that a ball or plug has passed a selected one of the valving members. A transmitter (or transceiver) provides an ability to generate a wireless signal that is received by receivers (or transceivers) on the tool body assembly. Each receiver (or transceiver) controls an electrical actuator that engages a valving member or the indicator. Wireless signals can be used to open or close a valve or to reset a “tripped” indicator.