This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines. More particularly it relates to increased levels of usable electrical energy production and fuel efficiency within a relatively fixed speed, cam-track style Engine/Generator when combined with the secondary injection or injections of a rapidly expanding medium (usually water) into the engines combustion chambers during and after the combustion process has been initiated. The injection of said medium causing reduced fuel consumption, increased cylinder pressure, an extended usable piston stroke length, and increased usable energy production, while reducing the temperature of the combustion gases in order to control or eliminate the production of the pollutant, NOx and to further reduce thermal pollution exhausted into the atmosphere.

A volumetric expander comprising a casing having a general inlet and outlet, a piston operating inside the casing and adapted to define an expansion chamber with variable volume, a main shaft connected to the piston, and a valve for selectively opening and closing an inlet and an outlet of the expansion chamber allowing: a condition of introduction of the working fluid in the expansion chamber, a condition of expansion of the working fluid in the expansion chamber, and a condition of discharge of the working fluid from said expansion chamber. The casing defines a discharge chamber in direct communication with the general outlet and configured for being put in direct fluid communication with the outlet of the expansion chamber during the condition of discharging the working fluid from the expansion chamber itself. The casing comprises an auxiliary inlet which is in communication with the discharge chamber of the casing and with the general outlet; the auxiliary inlet is configured for enabling the working fluid to directly enter the casing.

System for the reversible transformation of a reciprocating motion in a rotary motion, which may include one or more actuating devices adapted to cooperate with a rotor which has a spiral shaped section, and has at least one interaction surface for interacting with said one or more actuating devices. Each actuating device of said plurality of actuating devices is an internal combustion cylinder and piston device. Each actuating device is associated with a rod which incorporates a slider with a follower which engages with said at least one interaction surface of said rotor.

The present invention provides a system for the reversible transformation of a reciprocating motion in a rotary motion, which comprises one or more actuating devices (11) adapted to cooperate on at least one interaction surface of a spiral profiled rotor (3), the system it is characterized in that each actuating device of said plurality of actuating devices (11) comprises hydraulic or internal combustion cylinders; the arrangement being such that each actuating device (11) urges a tubular slidable rod coupled to a respective cylinder, said tubular rod being associated with a slider (5), the slider (5) being adapted to transmit the thrust of said tubular rod (6) on said at least one interaction surface of the spiral profiled rotor (3) creating a torque on said rotor (3).

An electronically commutated hydraulic machine is coupled to a drivetrain. Working chambers of the hydraulic machine are connected to low and high pressure manifold through electronically controlled valves. The phase of opening and closing of the valves has a default. In order to avoid cycle failure due to acceleration events, for example due to backlash in the drivetrain, the phase of opening or closing of the electronically controlled valves is temporarily advanced or retarded from the default timing.

A closing engine including a framework, fluid drivers, and a flow control device. The framework has an inlet that receives a fluid and an outlet that dispenses the fluid. The fluid drivers are supported by the framework and pump fluid toward the outlet. The flow control device is coupled to the framework and is in fluid communication with the inlet, the outlet, and the fluid drivers. The fluid drivers are cooperatively driven by a motive force from fluid flow through the inlet to dispense fluid via the outlet, and to drive the flow control device to distribute diluent to the diluent drivers in a coordinated manner.

A pneumatic motor for rotating an axle including: a. a housing including: b. an air intake port; c. an air exhaust port; d. at least two cylinders; each cylinder being positioned radially from the axle; e. at least two air channels in communication with each cylinder; f. at least two pistons, each piston attached to the axle by a connecting rod, each piston and respective connecting rod being radially aligned, each piston to be received in one of said at least two cylinders; each connecting rod being attached centrally offset in relation to a central axis of the axle; wherein when one connecting rod and piston are in power stroke, the other connecting rod and piston are in exhaust stroke.

A pneumatic motor for rotating an axle including: a. a housing including: b. an air intake port; c. an air exhaust port; d. at least two cylinders; each cylinder being positioned radially from the axle; e. at least two air channels in communication with each cylinder; f. at least two pistons, each piston attached to the axle by a connecting rod, each piston and respective connecting rod being radially aligned, each piston to be received in one of said at least two cylinders; each connecting rod being attached centrally offset in relation to a central axis of the axle; wherein when one connecting rod and piston are in power stroke, the other connecting rod and piston are in exhaust stroke.

A radial engine-generator includes an electric power generator and a radial engine. The radial engine-generator can be a mobile and portable unit, and is employable as a primary or back-up source of electric power at data centers, manufacturing facilities, electric vehicle charging stations, medical facilities, telecommunications, and residential neighborhoods, among many other applications. The electric power generator and radial engine are coupled together. The radial engine includes, among other components, multiple cylinders, multiple cylinder heads, and multiple overhead camshaft assemblies. The overhead camshaft assemblies are located at the cylinder heads and each include one or more camshafts. The camshaft(s) receive rotational drive input from a crankshaft of the radial engine. In certain implementations, camshaft carrier assemblies can be provided to support components of the overhead camshaft assemblies.

A modular internal combustion engine (10) comprising a cam crank assembly (75) having a cam crank (74), an intake cam (90) and an exhaust cam (92), the cam crank (74) having a piston stroke guide pattern (76) to control the stroke motion profile of the piston (70), which can be expanded by replacing the crank shaft (22) with a longer crank shaft (22), and installing a supplemental engine block (18) with a supplemental cam crank assembly (75).