A piston arrangement comprising: a piston; a rotatable element, rotatable about an axis, having a first engagement profile; and a mechanism comprising: a first connecting element connected to the piston; a second connecting element pivotable about a fixed point and pivotally connected to the first connecting element; and a second engagement profile coupled to the first and/or second connecting element, configured to mechanically engage and disengage with the first engagement profile of the rotatable element.

A device for compensating for the operating clearances of an engine comprising a transmission device likely to move transversely in an engine block) during an engine cycle includes a pressing device exerting a holding force on the transmission device. The holding force is adjusted to the instantaneous speed of transverse movement of the transmission device in the engine block.

An internal combustion engine includes a standard connecting rod as well as a gear rack. The connecting rod can be a standard connecting rod that reciprocates with the piston and that drives a rotatable crank mechanism to convert the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotation of the crankshaft. The gear rack is also connected to and reciprocates with the piston. The gear rack is engaged with a gear that is mounted on the crankshaft. A one-way drive mechanism is provided between the gear and the crankshaft that transmits torque (i.e. rotary force) to the crankshaft only during the power stroke of the piston.

A motion conversion apparatus (100) comprises a rodrack assembly (110), which includes two guide members (140) and a first gear connection member (120) comprising opposing engaging arrangements (1201). The motion conversion apparatus (100) further comprises a gearshaft member (150) causing reciprocating linear motion of the rodrack assembly (110) along a reciprocation direction (D) by rotational motion of the gearshaft member (150). The gearshaft member (150) includes a second gear connection member (160) configured to engage with the first gear connection member (120), and a guiding surface arrangement (170) configured to contact a guide member (140) during rotational motion of the gearshaft member (150), wherein one gearshaft member (150) revolution causes a single period of reciprocating linear motion of the rodrack assembly (110). The guiding surface arrangement (170) contacts one of the two guide members (140) at an endpoint of the reciprocating linear motion of the rodrack assembly (110).

A crank and connecting rod mechanism, comprising at least one piston, which reciprocates within at least one cylinder, comprising: at least one connecting rod, comprising: a piston end pivotally connected to the at least one piston, a crank end; at least one gear set, comprising: a crankpin, the crank end pivotally connected to the crankpin; a crank gear; a crank gear shaft, the crank gear rotatably mounted on the crank gear shaft, the crankpin located between centerline of the crank gear shaft and radius of the pitch circle of the crank gear; a stationary gear, the crank gear meshing with the stationary gear, the crank end driving the crankpin, which drives the crank gear and the crank gear shaft about the stationary gear; the crank pin and the crank end rotating about the stationary gear and following the path of a roulette of a centered trochoid about the stationary gear.

Systems, apparatuses and methods in interoperating with multiple clean energy sources, such as pneumatic energy, electrical energy, hydrogen energy and steam energy, with engine configurations employing theses clean energy sources dynamically and synchronously. Further embodiments including fossil fuel energies.

A motion conversion apparatus (400, 500) comprises at least one set including a rodrack assembly (110) between two gearshaft member end sections (155), and a gearshaft member mid section (156) between the two gearshaft member end sections (155). The rodrack assembly (110) comprises a first gear connection member (120) and two guide members (140). The gearshaft member mid section (156) comprises a second gear connection member (160) configured to engage with the first gear connection member (120). The two gearshaft member end sections (155) each comprise a guiding surface arrangement (170) configured to contact the two guide members (140). The rodrack assembly (110) is configured to provide rotation of the gearshaft member mid section (156) about a rotational axis (A) by reciprocating linear motion of the rodrack assembly (110) along a first spatial dimension (D1) orthogonal to the rotational axis (A), or vice versa.

A piston arrangement comprising: a piston; a rotatable element, rotatable about an axis, having a first engagement profile; and a mechanism comprising: a first connecting element connected to the piston; a second connecting element pivotable about a fixed point and pivotally connected to the first connecting element; and a second engagement profile coupled to the first and/or second connecting element, configured to mechanically engage and disengage with the first engagement profile of the rotatable element.

Systems, apparatuses and methods in interoperating with multiple clean energy sources, such as pneumatic energy, electrical energy, hydrogen energy and steam energy, with engine configurations employing theses clean energy sources dynamically and synchronously. Further embodiments including fossil fuel energies.

Systems, apparatuses and methods in interoperating with multiple clean energy sources, such as pneumatic energy, electrical energy, hydrogen energy and steam energy, with engine configurations employing theses clean energy sources dynamically and synchronously. Further embodiments including fossil fuel energies.