The present invention discloses an electric heating thermal management system for an oil and gas transportation pipeline based on renewable energy and CO.sub.2 energy storage. It transmits the feedback data value through a data collection device arranged in the pipeline to the early warning device by the control device. After analysis and processing, the early warning device can feed back the data value to the control device and the remote operation device in two modes. Different degrees of heating amount can be generated for the oil and gas transportation pipelines at different positions in different modes. Hierarchical and distributed management control for the oil and gas transportation pipelines can be targetedly conducted in unblocked, easily blocked and blocked positions of the oil and gas transportation pipeline. The present invention couples the renewable energy electricity supply device and the CO.sub.2 energy storage device.

An energy storage system converts variable renewable electricity (VRE) to continuous heat at over 1000° C. Intermittent electrical energy heats a solid medium. Heat from the solid medium is delivered continuously on demand. An array of bricks incorporating internal radiation cavities is directly heated by thermal radiation. The cavities facilitate rapid, uniform heating via reradiation. Heat delivery via flowing gas establishes a thermocline which maintains high outlet temperature throughout discharge. Gas flows through structured pathways within the array, delivering heat which may be used for processes including calcination, hydrogen electrolysis, steam generation, and thermal power generation and cogeneration. Groups of thermal storage arrays may be controlled and operated at high temperatures without thermal runaway via deep-discharge sequencing. Forecast-based control enables continuous, year-round heat supply using current and advance information of weather and VRE availability. High-voltage DC power conversion and distribution circuitry improves the efficiency of VRE power transfer into the system.

A system and method are provided for storing and recovering electricity generated from conventional/renewable energy sources. A thermal energy storage vessel contains thermal storage fluid (“TSF”) comprising a eutectic ternary nitrate molten salt, induction heating elements, turbine pumps, a heat exchanger, and various data acquisition sensors like thermocouples and thermistors. The immersion heating elements receive the electricity generated from conventional and/or renewable energy source to heat the eutectic ternary nitrate molten salt to the desired temperature. Coiled tubing is deployed within the thermal containment vessel to be distribution systems for the power cycle working gas and heat exchange for the power cycle working gas. The power cycle working gas is delivered under pressure to a steam turbine. The turbine converts the energy into mechanical shaft work to drive an electricity generator to produce electricity. The steam exhaust is gathered by a compressor and returned to the thermal energy storage vessel.

A power plant is provided including a heat recovery steam generator positioned to receive a flow of an exhaust gas and having a heating surface, an exhaust gas recirculation line branching off at an extraction point within the heat recovery steam generator and opening into the heat recovery steam generator at an injection point upstream of the extraction point within the heat recovery steam generator, a thermal storage system arranged between the extraction point and the injection point in the exhaust gas recirculation line wherein the thermal energy storage system stores thermal energy, and a blower arranged in the exhaust gas recirculation line to push air or exhaust gas through the thermal energy storage system.

A thermal storage solution system is disclosed herein. The system includes an insulated container having a thermal storage medium, a heating element configured to heat the thermal storage medium, a heat receiving unit (e.g., thermophotovoltaic (TPV) heat engine, heat transfer fluid, an industrial process component) configured to convert heat into electric energy, and a mechanism configured to control a view factor between the thermal storage medium and the heat engine. In another embodiment, the system includes multiple thermal storage media as unit cells in a single enclosure or container with insulation between adjacent unit cells.

A thermal energy storage system includes one or more containment vessel comprising an internal cavity containing a bed of phase change material (PCM) operable to store thermal energy, an array of heaters embedded in the molten phase change material, and a tube bundle. The heaters are electrically coupled to an electric power source and operable to heat and melt the PCM to a molten state. The tube bundle comprises heat exchanger tubes embedded in the molten PCM and configured to convey a working fluid (e.g., water or other) through a tube-side of the tubes. The tubes may be arranged in plural individual tube cartridge each insertable and removable from the vessel. In operation, the working fluid is heated by absorbing stored thermal energy from the molten phase change material. The PCM may be heated by power extracted from the power grid during off-peak demand periods.

The invention relates generally to methods and apparatus for integration of renewable and conventional energy to enhance electric reliability and reduce fuel consumption and emissions via thermal energy storage.

An energy storage system converts variable renewable electricity (VRE) to continuous heat at over 1000° C. Intermittent electrical energy heats a solid medium. Heat from the solid medium is delivered continuously on demand. An array of bricks incorporating internal radiation cavities is directly heated by thermal radiation. The cavities facilitate rapid, uniform heating via reradiation. Heat delivery via flowing gas establishes a thermocline which maintains high outlet temperature throughout discharge. Gas flows through structured pathways within the array, delivering heat which may be used for processes including calcination, hydrogen electrolysis, steam generation, and thermal power generation and cogeneration. Groups of thermal storage arrays may be controlled and operated at high temperatures without thermal runaway via deep-discharge sequencing. Forecast-based control enables continuous, year-round heat supply using current and advance information of weather and VRE availability. High-voltage DC power conversion and distribution circuitry improves the efficiency of VRE power transfer into the system.

A spraying and re-heating vapor reactor includes: a heat preservation boiler; a vapor reaction boiler disposed in the heat preservation boiler; a re-heating conduit communicating the vapor reaction boiler with a device outside the heat preservation boiler, a high heat capacity material being accommodated within the heat preservation boiler, and surrounding the vapor reaction boiler and the re-heating conduit; a heater heating the high heat capacity material; a sprayer disposed in the vapor reaction boiler; and a liquid supplying tube communicating with the sprayer through structure walls of the heat preservation boiler and the vapor reaction boiler, and supplying an external liquid to the sprayer. The sprayer atomizes the external liquid into an atomized liquid absorbing thermal energy from the high heat capacity material and becomes a low-temperature vapor entering the re-heating conduit and being re-heated into a high-temperature vapor. A generator apparatus is also provided.

An energy storage system converts variable renewable electricity (VRE) to continuous heat at over 1000° C. Intermittent electrical energy heats a solid medium. Heat from the solid medium is delivered continuously on demand. An array of bricks incorporating internal radiation cavities is directly heated by thermal radiation. The cavities facilitate rapid, uniform heating via reradiation. Heat delivery via flowing gas establishes a thermocline which maintains high outlet temperature throughout discharge. Gas flows through structured pathways within the array, delivering heat which may be used for processes including calcination, hydrogen electrolysis, steam generation, and thermal power generation and cogeneration. Groups of thermal storage arrays may be controlled and operated at high temperatures without thermal runaway via deep-discharge sequencing. Forecast-based control enables continuous, year-round heat supply using current and advance information of weather and VRE availability. High-voltage DC power conversion and distribution circuitry improves the efficiency of VRE power transfer into the system.